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7th Grade Chapter 20

Endocrine System and Reproduction

QuestionAnswer
Menstruation when a human egg is not fertilized, the extra blood and tissue from the uterus are released through the vagina
the stage of delivery is when a baby comes out of the mother's body
endocrine system acts on the body through chemical products called hormones
hypothalamus communicates with the pituitary gland to control many body activities including growth
childhood from ages 2 to 12
during childhood individuals learn coordinated tasks such as using a fork
human eggs are usually fertilized in the fallopian tube
during afterbirth the placenta leaves the mother's body
nutrients from the mother pass to the embryo through a membrane called the placenta
the endocrine system uses a negative feedback process to maintain homeostasis
main event during puberty an individual's body becomes able to reproduce
the endocrine system is often compared to a heating system that turns the furnace on and off to control a room's temperature
ovulation when a mature egg is released from the ovary
after it leaves the fallopian tube, the fertilized egg develops in the uterus
menstrual cycle in a female's body when the egg develops in the ovary and the uterus prepares for the arrival of a fertilized egg
the first nine months of human development in order zygote, embryo, fetus
adolescence the stage when children become adults physically and mentally
hypothalamus the endocrine gland that connects the endocrine system with the nervous system
scrotum part of the male reproductive system
during adolescence individuals gradually become able to think like adults
sperm are produced in the testes
when fertilization occurs a zygote is formed
eggs are produced in the ovaries
fertilization the joining of a sperm and an egg
endocrine system provides chemicals that control both daily activities and long-term changes through hormones
during labor strong muscle contractions of the uterus cause the cervix to enlarge
hormones cause changes only in specific body organs because a hormone interacts only with target cells, which fit together with that hormone
an example of negative feedback in the endocrine system is when the amount of a hormone reaches a certain level, the endocrine system stops the release of that hormone
during infancy arms and legs grow faster than the head, crawling and starting to walk, speaking words and understanding simple directions
the placenta prevents some diseases from spreading, carbon dioxide and wastes pass from the embryo to the mother, and the blood vessels are close but the blood does not mix
Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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