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study guide 8-1
stars
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are some unique properties of the planets? | mercury is smallest, venus is hottest, jupiter is largest |
| what are comets? | space object made of dust and rock particles mixed with frozen water, methane, and ammonia that forms a bright coma as it approaches the sun |
| what are meteors? | a meteoroid tha tburns up in earths atmosphere |
| what are meteorites? | a meteoroid that strikes the surface of a moon or planet. |
| what are meteoroids? | pieces of dush and rock |
| what are asteroids? | a piece of rock or metal made up of material similar to that which formed the planets; mostly found in the asteroid belt between the orbits of mars and jupiter |
| what is a dwarf planet? | A celestial body that orbits the sun and is massive enough to assume a nearly spherical shape, but that does not clear other bodies from the neighborhood around its orbit and is not a satellite of a planet. |
| what does terrestrial mean? | pertaining to, consisting of, or representing the earth as distinct from other planets. |
| what are the terrestrial planets? | mars, earth, venus, mercury, and ceres |
| what is the jovian planet? | jupiter |
| what is a circumpolar sonstellation? | a constellation that appears to move. (ursa major and minor, draco, cassiopeia, cepheus |
| what is absolute magnitude? | the amount of light a star gives off |
| what is apparent magnitude? | the amount of light recieved on earth |
| what is parallax? | the distance from earth to nearby stars |
| what is the sun's chromosphere? | 2000 KM above the photosphere |
| what is the sun's corona? | the largest layer, temperatures as high as 2 million K |
| what are sunspots? | spots that appear drak because they are cooler than other spots |
| what are prominences? | huge, arching columns of gas |
| what are solar flares? | when gases near a sunspot erupt, causing a violent eruption |
| what does the hertzsprung-russell (H-R) diagram show? | the relationships among a star's color, temperature, and brightness |
| what percentage of stars is classified as main sequence stars? | 90% |
| what is a black hole? | the final stage in the evolution of a very massive star, where the core's mass collapses to a point that its gravity is so strong not even light can escape. |
| what is the steady state theory of the universe? | the universe has always been the same |
| what is the oscillating model of the universe? | the universe began with expansion, the expansion slowed over time and the universe contracted. it happened again |
| what is the big bang theory? | it states that about 13.7 billion years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion |
| how does the sun produce energy? | Hydrogen fusing unto helium is the primary source of energy being radiated from the sun (a nuclear reaction).It is caused by the intense gravitational attraction of all the sun's matter, crushing the atoms of hydrogen together with tremendous pressure. |
| what are the colors of the stars? | hot - blue, medium - white, cold - red |
Created by:
thinkpink
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