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Heredity
HBIO3 unit 7 Jan
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Gregor Mendel | An Austrian monk, alive from 1822-1884, and worked in the 1850s |
| What did Mendel do | He cut the male parts of pea plants so prevent self-fertilization (weirdo) and he cross pollinated the plants |
| Genotype is | the genes you have (ex. YY) |
| Phenotype is | what you look like bc of your genes (ex. yellow seeds) |
| Dominant means | The trait is expressed if the dominant gene is present (ex. Y) |
| Recessive means | Only expressed if there's no dominant gene (ex. y) |
| Homozygous means | Same gene (ex. YY or yy) |
| Heterozygous means | different gene (ex. Yy) |
| A gene is | DNA - specific location on a chromosome (ex. seed color) |
| An allele is | different form(s) of the gene (ex. T or t) |
| A character is | a heritable feature that differs among the organisms of a species (ex. eye color) |
| A trait is | A version of a character (ex. blue eyes) |
| The genotypes and phenotypes for seed color are | YY - yellow Yy - yellow yy - green |
| The genotypes and phenotypes for seed shape are | RR - round Rr - round rr - wrinkled |
| The genotypes and phenotypes for plant height are | TT - tall Tt -tall tt - short |
| The genotypes and phenotypes for flower color are | PP - purple Pp - purple pp - white |
| Crossing a homozygous dominant genotype with a homozygous recessive genotype would result in what F2 phenotypic ratio? (ex. TT x tt) | 3 dominant : 1 recessive (ex. 3 tall : 1 short) |
| Rules for writing genotypes | 1) order of genes in offspring have to be in the order of their parents 2) dominant gene before recessive |
| Crossing a homozygous dominant genotype with a homozygous recessive genotype would result in what F2 phenotypic ratio? (ex. TTRR x ttrr) | 9 dominant : 3 dominant and recessive : 3 dominant and recessive : 1 recessive ex. 9 tall round : 3 tall wrinkled : 3 short round : 1 short wrinkled |
| True breeding means | offspring is the exact same as parent - Homozygous and self fertilizing |
| Non-mendelian patterns of inheritance means | Dominant and recessive traits are not simple and don't follow Mendel's laws |
| Codominance means | Both traits are expressed, ex. red and white flowers |
| F2 generation of a homozygous dominant and recessive (RR x ww) codominant or incomplete dominant trait cross would be | 1 dominant ; 2 both ; 1 recessive 1 red ; 2 red and white or pink; 1 white |
| Incomplete dominance is the | blending of traits ex. pink flowers |
Created by:
erica.y
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