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19 Vocab
endocrine and hematologic emergency
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acidosis | accumulation of acids in body |
| diabetes mellitus | metabolic disorder in which the ability to metabolize carbohydrates is impaired |
| diabetic ketoacidosis | (DKA) a form of hypoglycemia in which certain acids accumulate when insulin is not available |
| endocrine glands | glands that secrete or release chemicals or hormones that are used inside body |
| endocrine system | regulates metabolism and maintains homeostasis |
| glucose | basic sugar; primary fuel in conjunction with oxygen for cellular respiration |
| hematology | the study and prevention of blood related disorders |
| hemophilia | a congenital abnormality in which the body is unable to make clots; uncontrollable bleeding |
| hormone | chemical substance produced by a gland |
| hyperglycemia | high blood pressure |
| hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) | life-threatening condition from hyperglycemia that causes AMS, dehydration, organ damage (usually older adults) |
| hypoglycemia | low blood pressure |
| insulin | hormone produced by islets of Langerhans, helps glucose into cells |
| Kussmaul respiration | deep, rapid reparations: result of accumulation of acids in body |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyphagia | excessive eating |
| polyuria | excessive urinations |
| sickle cell disease | hereditary disease that causes normal, round red blood cells to become oblong or sickle shaped. |
| symptomatic hyperglycemia | state of unconsciousness resulting from several problems including ketoacidosis, dehydration because of excessive urination and hyperglycemia |
| symptomatic hypoglycemia | severe hypoglycemia resulting in changes in mental status |
| thrombophilia | tendency to create clots as a result of abnormalities in the system of coagulation |
| thrombosis | blood clot in artery or venous system |
| type 1 diabetes | autoimmune disorder where Pt immune system produces antibodies to the pancreatic beta cells, PANCREAS CANNOT PRODUCE INSULIN |
| type 2 diabetes | condition in which insulin resistance develops in response to increased blood glucose levels, INSUFFICIENT INSULIN OR INEFFECTIVE INSULIN |
| Vasoocclusive crisis | ischemia and pain caused by sickle shaped red blood cell that obstruct blood flow to portion of body, clots |
| Aplastic Crisis | bone marrow stops producing RBC |
| Hemolytic Crisis | acute accelerated drop in hemoglobin |
| Splenic Sequestration Crisis | acute enlargement of the spleen |
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