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unit 6 science vocab
study for test friday
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chemical equation | description of a reaction using element symbols and chemical formulas |
| chemical reaction | process in which atoms of on or more substances rearrange to form one or more new substances |
| coefficient | number placed in front of an element symbol or chemical formula in an equation |
| law of conservation of mass | states that the total mass of the reactants before a chemical reaction is the same as the total mass of the products after the chemical reaction |
| product | new substance produced by a chemical reaction |
| reactant | starting substance in a chemical reaction |
| combustion | chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen and releases energy |
| decomposition | chemical reaction in which one compound breaks down and forms two or more substances |
| double replacement | describes a reaction in which the negative ions in two compounds switch places, forming two new compounds |
| single replacement | describes a reaction in which one element replaces another element in a compound |
| synthesis | chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine and form one compound |
| endothermic | chemical reactions that absorb thermal energy |
| exothermic | chemical reactions that release thermal energy |
| acid | substance that produces a hydronium (H30+) when dissolved in water |
| base | substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water |
| pH scale | a scale used to measure how acidic or base a solution is (ranges from 1-4) |