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MUS101 Test 1
Materials of Music
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called | conjunct. |
| A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called consonant. | False |
| A place in a melody where a musician will most likely pause for a breath is at the | cadence |
| A second melody played against the first is called a countermelody. | True |
| The term referring to the overall shape of a melody is | contour. |
| The distance between two pitches is called | an interval. |
| Melody | is a musical line, or the tune. |
| Musical sound is characterized by perceivable and measurable pitch. | True |
| Pitch is determined by | the length or size of a vibrating object. |
| Most children’s songs have a _________ range. | narrow |
| Scientifically, pitch is determined by its | frequency. |
| A phrase and cadence in music can be likened to a | sentence and period. |
| The climax of The Star-Spangled Banner falls on what text? | O’er the land of the free... |
| The contour of Beethoven’s Ode to Joy is | wavelike |
| The contour of the opening phrase of Joy to the World is | descending |
| The distance between the highest and lowest pitches in a melodic line is its | range |
| The high point of a melodic line is considered its | climax |
| The type of melodic movement in The Star-Spangled Banner is | disjunct |
| Wavelike describes melodic | contour |
| Which of the following terms is used to describe melody? | contour |
| Accents between the beats are called offbeats. | False |
| All music has a strong, discernable beat. | False |
| An accented beat followed by two weak beats indicates a __________ meter. | triple |
| In a compound meter, the beat divides into groups of | three |
| In duple meter, the accent is typically on which beat? | first |
| In notation, regular groupings of beats are marked off in measures. | True |
| In quadruple meter, the second-strongest accent is typically on which beat? | third |
| In triple meter, the strongest accent is typically on which beat? | first |
| The downbeat coincides with the upward stroke of a conductor’s hand. | False |
| Music that moves without a strong sense of beat is | nonmetric |
| Playing music in two simultaneous rhythms is known as polyrhythm. | True |
| Polyphony occurs when several meters are played simultaneously. | False |
| ________ is created when the regular accent is shifted to a weak beat or an offbeat. | Syncopation |
| Simple meters are meters in which the beats are divided into three. | False |
| The basic unit of rhythm is the | beat |
| The element that propels music forward in time is | rhythm |
| The first accented beat of each metric pattern is known as the | downbeat |
| The number of beats in a measure determines the | meter |
| When a melody begins before a downbeat, it is said to begin on a(n) | upbeat |
| Which of the following is NOT a simple meter? | compound |
| A collection of pitches arranged sequentially in ascending and descending order constitutes a | scale |
| A combination of tones that sounds discordant or in need of resolution is called | dissonant |
| A chord that sounds stable or restful is called | consonant |
| Dissonance resolves in | consonance |
| Harmony describes the _____ aspect of music. | vertical |
| How many notes are in an octave? | eight |
| In Western music, two scales have been predominant: major and minor. | True |
| Simple harmony can be created when a melody is accompanied by a long, sustained tone called a | drone |
| The _____ serves as home base in most Western music. | tonic |
| The development of harmony is central to Western music. | True |
| The first and last note in a major or minor scale is called the | tonic |
| The most common type of chord in Western music is the | triad |
| The progression of ________ creates a feeling of order and unity in music. | harmony |
| The tonality of a piece is determined by the ________ chosen by the composer. | scale |
| Three or more tones sounded together produce a(n) | chord |
| Triads in Western music are made up of a combination of alternating notes from a scale. | True |
| Which is NOT a true statement? | Melody and harmony are not related. |
| Which is a true statement? | A chord may be built on any note of the scale. |
| _______ is the principle of organization around a central tone. | Tonality |
| _______ refers to an agreeable-sounding combination of notes that provides a sense of relaxation and fulfillment. | Consonance |
| A composition in the key of G major uses harmonies formed from which scale? | G major |
| A scale comprised entirely of half steps is called a _________ scale. | chromatic |
| Black keys on the piano can be either "flats" or "sharps" depending on the context of the music. | True |
| Common scales used in African, Far Eastern, and Native American music are the _____ scales. | pentatonic and tritonic |
| Which of the following is a true statement? | In diatonic music, both the melody and the harmony are firmly rooted in the key. |
| Harmonies built on the dominant (fifth scale degree) gravitate toward the | tonic |
| If a major or minor scale is transposed to a different starting pitch, the pattern of half steps and whole steps changes. | False |
| Intervals even smaller than half steps, commonly used in some non-Western music are called | microtones |
| In Western music, the octave is divided into twelve equal | half steps. |
| Shifting an entire work so that it begins on a different pitch but retains the same pattern of intervals is called | transposition |
| The tonic is a three-note chord, or triad, built on the ________ scale step. | first |
| Moving from one key center to another within a composition is called | modulation |
| Music of the Baroque and Classical eras is mostly | diatonic |
| The octave is divided the same way in the musical systems of all cultures. | False |
| In Western music, the dominant and subdominant are called _______ chords. | active |
| The _______ chord is counterposed against active chords. | rest |
| The fifth scale step (sol) forms the chief active chord (V), which is called the | dominant |
| The key of a piece is determined | by the composer. |
| What is another name for a half step? | semitone |
| Which of the following is NOT an active chord? | tonic |
| A work that is comprised of a strictly imitative musical texture is called a | canon |
| A composition must use one texture throughout. | False |
| A pianist playing a melody in the right hand while the left sounds chords produces a _____ texture. | homophonic |
| A round is based on the principle of _______ where each voice enters in succession with the same melody. | imitation |
| A single-line texture is known as | monophony |
| A texture in which two or more different melodic lines are combined is called | polyphonic |
| A type of homophony in which all voices move together in the same rhythm is called | homorhythm. |
| An individual part or line, even in instrumental music, is often referred to as a(n) | voice |
| Heterophony is common in non-Western music. | True |
| Homophony is best described as | a single melody with accompaniment. |
| If you are singing alone in the shower, you are creating a ______ texture. | monophonic |
| Imitation is a type of | polyphony |
| One person singing "Happy Birthday" with simple chords accompanying the melody produces a(n) _________ texture. | homophonic |
| Row, Row, Row Your Boat is an example of | a round. |
| The best description of a melodic idea that is presented in one voice and then restated in another is | imitation |
| The interweaving of melody and harmony produces ________ in music. | texture |
| The texture of a round is | polyphonic |
| When several musicians sing or play the same musical line, each varying some element (like pitch or rhythm), they are creating a ______ texture. | heterophonic |
| Which of the following textures is based on counterpoint? | polyphony |
| _________ describes a melody without any harmonic accompaniment or other melodic lines. | Monophony |
| A fragment of a theme that forms a melodic-rhythmic unit is called a | motive |
| A performance practice based on the concept of a singing leader imitated by a chorus of followers is called | call and response. |
| A principle of form that is based on repeated alterations of a given melody (which is still recognizable) is called | variation |
| A short, repeated musical pattern used as a structural device is known as a(n) | ostinato |
| Which form features a statement of an idea, a contrasting idea, then a repetition of the first idea? | ternary |
| Even when a performer improvises, the basic elements of repetition, contrast, and variation can be heard. | True |
| In musical forms ________ fixes the material in the listener’s mind and satisfies the need for the familiar. | repetition |
| In musical forms ________ stimulates our interest and feeds our desire for change. | contrast |
| In through-composed songs, music from previous stanzas is repeated. | False |
| Independent parts of a large-scale work (a symphony, for example) are called | movements |
| Movements in a large-scale musical work can be compared to chapters in a novel. | True |
| Music that is made up spontaneously in performance is called improvised. | True |
| Ostinato is particularly prevalent in blues, rock, and rap. | True |
| The basic elements of form are | repetition, contrast, and variation. |
| A _____ can be a building block in the construction of a musical work. | theme |
| Themes are comprised of smaller units known as motives. | True |
| Varying the pitches, harmony, or rhythm of a theme is known as | thematic development. |
| When a melodic idea is immediately restated at a lower or higher pitch level, this is known as | a sequence. |
| Which form features a statement followed by a departure that ends the piece? | binary |
| Which is true of strophic form? | The same melody is repeated with each stanza of text. |
| Composers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries used even fewer expression marks than their predecessors. | False |
| Gradually getting softer in music is indicated by which term in the score? | diminuendo |
| If a composer wants to indicate despair or sadness in a piece of music, which of the following tempos would be appropriate? | grave |
| If a composer wants to indicate tempo precisely, a ________ indication is given in the score. | beats per minute (bpm) |
| If the music is gradually speeding up, the term used to describe this is | accelerando |
| Dynamics determine the ________ at which music is played. | volume |
| Musical sound is performed at varying volumes, also known as the music’s | dynamics |
| Pianissimo is indicated by the abbreviation _____. | pp |
| Returning to the original tempo after a change in the music is indicated by the marking _________ in the score. | a tempo |
| Composers use tempo and dynamic markings to communicate to the performer the music’s intended expressive quality. | True |
| Tempo refers to | the rate of speed. |
| Tempo and dynamic markings are usually given in | Italian |
| Which dynamic marking indicates to the performer to play gradually louder? | crescendo |
| Which of the following abbreviations indicates a moderate dynamic level? | mf |
| Which of the following does NOT indicate a fast tempo? | grave |
| Which of the following does not indicate a change of tempo? | crescendo |
| Which of the following indicates a fast tempo? | vivace |
| Which of the following is NOT a musical modifier? | presto |
| Which of the following terms means "getting slower"? | ritardando |
| Which term indicates that a work should be performed very loudly? | fortissimo |
| "Happy Birthday" is an example of a _______ text setting. | syllabic |
| A song in which each syllable receives one note is called | syllabic |
| A wordless melody on the vowel "ah" is an example of a technique called | vocalise |
| Which of the following does NOT describe words without specific meanings in songs? | refrain |
| Scat-singing is usually found in what style of music? | jazz |
| Setting the word "falling" to a descending scale is an example of | word-painting. |
| Sometimes a composer will collaborate with a ________ who writes the words of the song. | lyricist |
| Which of the following describes words and music that recur after every stanza? | refrain |
| Which of the following describes the setting of many notes to a syllable? | melismatic |
| The word "song" refers to any piece of music. | False |
| The word ________ means the language of the people. | vernacular |
| Which of the following is NOT a true statement? | Songs in English translation fit the musical line as well as the original words. |
| Much of Western sacred music is in Latin, while ________ music is often in the vernacular. | secular |
| What is another word for "refrain"? | chorus |
| What is another word for "stanza"? | strophe |
| When a melody pictorializes a word it is called | word-painting. |
| Which of the following terms describes religious or spiritual music? | sacred |
| Which of the following terms does NOT describe the number of notes given to each syllable of text? | strophic |
| _______ means a few notes set to each syllable of text. | Neumatic |
| _________ was the language of learning at medieval and Renaissance universities. | Latin |
| An instrument that produces sound from a vibrating string is called a(n) | chordophone |
| Flutes, whistles, and bagpipes fall into what instrument classification? | aerophones |
| In earlier eras, young boys and occasionally men with voices in the soprano or alto range sang female parts in church music and on the stage. | True |
| In the sixteenth century, which musicians became more prominent performers of secular music? | women singers |
| Instrument builders have often sought to emulate the human voice. | True |
| Instrument builders have sought to replicate the sound of the voice, including its characteristic throbbing called | vibrato |
| The property of sound that gives instruments and voices their unique tone color is | timbre |
| The Indian sitar is considered a(n) | chordophone |
| Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest? | soprano, alto, tenor, bass |
| How do specialists classify instruments? | by the way they generate their sound |
| The category "chordophones" applies only to Western instruments. | False |
| The word _________ describes a specific area in the range of an instrument or voice, such as low, middle, or high. | register |
| Which describes instruments classified as aerophones? | sound produced by using air |
| Which describes instruments classified as idiophones? | sound produced from the substance itself |
| Which instrument is NOT an example of a chordophone? | xylophone |
| Which of the following factors influence timbre? | All possible answers. instrument shape the material from which the instrument is made instrument size |
| Which of the following is an example of a chordophone? | harp |
| Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest for female voices? | soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto |
| Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest for male voices? | tenor, baritone, bass |
| Which of the following terms describes instruments made with stretched skins? | membranoophone |
| A pizzicato effect is created on a string instrument when | the strings are plucked. |
| All of the following are indefinite pitch percussion instruments EXCEPT the | chimes |
| Which brass instrument dates back to ancient times and was used for religious ceremonies and military signals? | trumpet |
| Which keyboard instrument is also a wind instrument? | organ |
| On bowed string instruments, sliding the hand along the string while bowing it produces a ________ effect. | glissando |
| Percussion instruments are divided into two categories: definite or indefinite pitch. | True |
| Playing a series of notes smoothly and with connection is called | legato |
| The string family includes which types of instruments? | bowed and plucked |
| The "heart" of the orchestra is the _____ section. | string |
| The bowed string instrument with the highest range is the | violin |
| The instruments of the Western orchestra are categorized into which groups? | strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion |
| The opposite of legato is | staccato |
| The sousaphone is the marching-band adaptation of which instrument? | tuba |
| The term arpeggio, meaning "broken chord," is derived from the name of what instrument? | harp |
| Which brass instrument descended from the ancient hunting horn? | French horn |
| Which instrument derives its name from the Italian word meaning "loud-soft"? | piano |
| Which is an example of pitched percussion? | xylophone |
| Which keyboard instrument produces sound with quills that pluck metal strings? | harpsichord |
| Which of the following is a double-reed instrument? | oboe |
| Which instruments are members of the woodwind family? | flute, oboe, bassoon, English horn, saxophone |
| A small vocal ensemble is known as a(n) | choir |
| A symphony orchestra is an example of a chamber ensemble. | False |
| A woodwind quintet is unusual in that | it includes a brass instrument. |
| Benjamin Britten’s The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra is a work based on a dance tune by which composer? | Purcell |
| How many instrumentalists would you expect to find in a chamber group? | between two and twelve |
| Vocal music with instrumental accompaniment is called a cappella. | False |
| Considering The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra, which statement is NOT true? | The entire orchestra never plays all together. |
| In Benjamin Britten’s The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra, the theme is first stated by | the entire orchestra. |
| In an orchestra, brass instruments are placed near the back of the group | because they are loud. |
| Jazz bands usually include | a reed section, a brass section, and a rhythm section. |
| Benjamin Britten’s The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra was written specifically to demonstrate | different timbres in the orchestra. |
| In the West, an ensemble of strings coupled with an assortment of woodwinds, brass, and percussion instruments is known as a | symphony orchestra. |
| The conductor | All possible answers. rehearses the ensemble. interprets the music. beats time in metrical patterns. |
| The Young Person’s Guide to the Orchestra closes with a(n) _______, a polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era (1600–1750). | fugue |
| The concertmaster is the | first-chair violinist. |
| The largest section of the Western orchestra is the _______ section. | string |
| The makeup of a string quartet is | two violins, a viola, and a cello. |
| Which is NOT a true statement? | Choral groups are heterogeneous. |
| Who is responsible for systematizing bowing strokes for the string section in an orchestra? | the concertmaster |
| Which of the following ensembles relies mainly on winds and percussion? | band |
| A knowledge of _______ styles helps put a musical work in the context of its creation. | historical |
| Considering the title of Symphony No. 94 in G Major by Joseph Haydn, which is a TRUE statement? | The title indicates the genre and key. |
| We often label art music as | "classical" |
| Genre describes a musical form. | False |
| In what century did the Renaissance begin? | fifteenth century |
| J. S. Bach’s Minuet in D Minor is from what historical period? | Baroque |
| Listening Guides in this textbook focus primarily on | Western art music. |
| Most cultures employ sacred music for religious functions. | True |
| Most musical cultures in the world use written notation to preserve and transmit their music. | False |
| Music composed for religious purposes is called | sacred |
| Musical compositions are often identified through a cataloguing system described by | opus numbers. |
| Opus is Latin for | "work." |
| Oral transmission is the process of preserving music without written notation. | True |
| Regarding a symphony, which is NOT a true statement? | A symphony is a song written for an orchestra. |
| Which term refers to a category of music? | genre |
| Which of the following defines the characteristics of style? | All possible answers. The creator’s personal manner of expression. The individualized treatment of the elements of music. The total language of artists from a style period. |
| The lines that distinguish art music from other kinds are clearly delineated. | False |
| Western art music refers to | notated and cultivated music of European and Euro-American society. |
| Which historical style period lasted less than 100 years? | Romantic |
| Which is NOT a true statement? | Genres are the same in every culture. |
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