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Music History Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| How many Greek songs survived? | 45 songs and hymns (praise songs) |
| How do we know about Greek music? | Knowledge was transmitted through written descriptions, images in paintings, sculptures, vases, buildings, tombs, and artifacts. |
| What was Greek music used for? | Religious ceremonies, popular entertainment, and accompaniment to drama. |
| How was music transmitted to the West? | The early Christian Church, specifically the writings of the Church Fathers |
| Who are some people associated with music in Greek mythology? | Apollo, Amphion, and Orpheus |
| Describe Greek music. | Primarily monophonic but with instruments embellishing the melody of a singer (creates heterophony), almost entirely improvised, linked to sound and meter of poetry |
| Which philosophers wrote about music? | Aristotle, Plato |
| What are some Greek instruments? | Lyre (used to accompany dancing, singing, or recitation of poetry), kithara (lyre's larger counterpart), aulos (used in worship of Dionysus, wind instrument with twin pipes) |
| What is the theory of imitation? | Aristotle explained how music affects behavior, less restrictive than Plato |
| What did Plato write about in Republic (380 BCE)? | Too much music makes a man neurotic while too much athletics makes him violent. |
| How was Pythagoras associated with music? | Discovered numerical relationships among pitches and developed descriptions of music, thought numbers and music were related, discovered perfect intervals |
| What is a tetrachord? | Scale's principal building block, four notes spanning a fourth, three kinds (diatonic, chromatic, enharmonic) |
| What was Roman musical culture influenced by? | Stolen from Greece |
| Who were the Church Fathers? | Highly influential Christian writers and scholars who interpreted the Bible and set down guiding principles, thought music should only be for worship |
| Who wrote Marriage of Mercury and Philology? | Martianus in early fifth century, described seven liberal arts: trivium (grammar, dialect, rhetoric) was verbal arts and quadrivium (geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, harmonics) was mathematical disciplines |
| When were the Middle Ages? | Started after fall of Roman Empire in fifth century, thousand year period |
| What were Boethius's three types of music? | Musica mundana (cosmic music), musica humana (harmonizes and unifies body and soul), musica instrumentalis (audible music from singing or instruments) |
| What is a summary of Greek music? | Single melodic line, linked to rhythm and meter of words, performances were memorized or improvised, philosophers though music was influential in nature and thought, scientific acoustic theory in the making, scales were built from tetrachords |
| What was the sacred reparatory? | Known as plainchant (Gregorian chant), principal element in liturgy (public worship service), musical prayer |
| What was the nonsacred reparatory? | Secular monody, two types (courtly and elite or popular and traditional), intended for entertainment or communicating feelings |
Created by:
VVeirdFish
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