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Chapter 2 Intro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| subatomic particle with positive charge | proton |
| tells the number of protons an atom of element has | atomic number |
| subatomic particle with neutral (zero) charge | neutron |
| subatomic particle with negative charge | electron |
| same number of protons and electrons, but different number of neutrons | isotope |
| building blocks of all matter | atom |
| element with symbol [C] | Carbon |
| element with symbol [H] | Hydrogen |
| element with symbol [O] | Oxygen |
| chemical bond that has sharing of electrons | covalent bond |
| chemical bond that has transfer of electrons | ionic bond |
| chemical bond that must have hydrogen atoms | hydrogen bond |
| chemical blend of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio | compound |
| physical blend of 2 or more things in a changing ratio | mixture |
| ability of SAME molecules to stick to each other | cohesive |
| ability of DIFFERENT substances to stick to each other | adhesive |
| pure substance made of only 1 type of atom [118 exists] | element |
| substances that are 0-6 on pH scale | acids |
| ions released by an acid in water | Hydrogen (H+) ions |
| substances that are 8-14 on pH scale | bases |
| ions released by a base in water | Hydroxide (OH-) ions |
| used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration | pH scale |
| study of chemicals that have Carbon atoms in it | organic chemistry |
| Carbon based molecule made up of amino acids ; used 3rd for energy | proteins |
| Carbon based molecule that forms fats, oils, cholesterol ; used 2nd for energy | lipids |
| Carbon based molecule that is formed with C, H, O atoms in 1:2:1 ratio ; used 1st for energy | carbohydrates |
| Double stranded nucleic acid ; stores genetic information | DNA |
| single stranded nucleic acid ; makes protein | RNA |
| building block of nucleic acids | nucleotide |
| number of different amino acids | 20 |
| prefix meaning "many" | poly |
| prefix meaning "two" | di / bi |
| prefix meaning "one" | mono |
| fats that are bad for you ; are solid at room temp. | saturated fats |
| fats that are good for you ; are liquid at room temp. | unsaturated fats |
| anything with pH of 7 | neutral |
| anything that resists a change in pH | buffer |
| speeds up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy | enzyme/catalyst |
| starting material in a chemical reaction | reactants |
| gets made in a chemical reaction | products |
| name of reactants affected by an enzyme | substrate |
Created by:
cadetjt
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