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Unit 9 LE Vocab
Immune System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| White Blood Cell | cells in the blood that fight infections by doing phagocytosis or making antibiodies |
| Antibody | protein that is made by white blood cells that fits with an antigen on a pathogen to tag it for destruction |
| Antigen | "ID tag" on all cells. Our immune system recognizes ours and attacks any that are "foreign" |
| Transmission | how a disease is spread |
| Infection | when pathogens breach the lines of defense of the immune system |
| HIV | virus that kills white blood cells |
| AIDS | disease caused by the HIV virus |
| Infectious Disease | disease caused by a pathogen |
| Immunity | the ability to be exposed to a pathogen and not get sick from it |
| Passive immunity | temporary immunity from receiving someone else's antibodies |
| Active immunity | long term immunity from making your own antibodies |
| Specific Immune Responses | immune responses that are designed to beat a certain pathogen; the third line of defense |
| Nonspecific Immune Responses | immune responses that treat all pathogens the same way. Includes both the first and second lines of defense. |
| 1st line of defense | barriers, like skin, and secretions, like mucus |
| 2nd line of defense | phagocytic white blood cells, inflammation, blood clotting, fever |
| Cilia | little hairs that sweep materials out of the respiratory system |
| Phagocyte | white blood cell that engulfs pathogens |
| Inflammation/Inflammatory Response | response that allows white blood cells to go to an area of infection; causes redness, pain, swelling |
| Herd Immunity | resistance to the spread of an infectious disease within a community due to a large number of individuals being vaccinated or naturally immune to a disease |
| Function of the immune system | recognize, disable, and destroy pathogens and remember them in the future |
| Pathogen | disease-causing agent |
| Vaccine | injection of a dead or weakened virus |
| 3rd Line of Defense | specific responses- whiteblood cells that make antibodies |