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BSC2011L
Population Genetics. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium and PV92
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hardy-Weinberg law | Population allele and genotype frequencies do not change over time unless acted upon by evolutionary agents. |
| Genetic drift | Unpredictable changes in allele frequencies due to sudden environmental changes or accidental deaths. |
| Gene flow | Transfer of genetic variation through interbreeding, from one population to another. |
| Phenotype | Phenotype is a characteristic of an organism that can be observed and measured. |
| Genotype | Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism. |
| Alleles | Variations of genes often inherited in pairs. |
| Gene pool | Complete set of genes in a given population of organisms. |
| Mutation | Random change in the DNA of an organism. |
| Genetic variation | The differences in DNA sequences between individuals. |
| Natural selection | Mechanism that brings about adaptation of organisms to the environment as evolution occurs. |
| Population | Members of a species that live in a defined geographical area that can breed with each other. |
| Reproductive success | Ability of an individual in a population to survive, reproduce, and pass on genetic traits to the next generation. |
| What does it mean for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? | There are no changes in gene frequencies from one generation to the next. |
| Even though a population in true Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium cannot exist, how can using the equation be useful? | It can be used to detect changes in gene frequencies in a population over time. |
| In a population, 25% of individuals exhibit albinism which is a lack of production of the pigment melanin. It is caused by two recessive allele (q2). What is the frequency of the recessive allele (g) in this population? | 0.50 |
| In a species of rodent, white coat color is recessive to the dominant brown color. In a population of 100 individuals, 16 are white and 84 are brown. Of the 84 brown ones, how many are expected to be heterozygous (2pq)? | 48 |
| In a sample population of people, 36% have the recessive trait of "free" earlobes (q2). What is the frequency of the dominant allele for attached earlobes, p? | 0.40 |
| Dark moths were released into either a clean forest (B) or a polluted forest (A). A sample of dark moths were recaptured every generation for five generations. The results can be seen in the graph below. The moths did better in A than in B. | The moth population in forest A are experiencing reproductive success. |
| A scientist is studying a population of fungi. She finds that the recessive allele for small spores has a frequency of 0.75. What frequency should she expect for the dominant allele? | 0.25 |
| Assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what percentage should she expect to see for the following genotypes? aa: ______ Aa:______ AA:______ | 0.56 0.38 0.06 |
| If 10 Typica moth and 90 Carbonaria moth were released into a polluted forest what would happen over several generations? | The Typica moth population would decline. The Carbonaria moth population would have a reproductive advantage in the polluted forest. The recessive allele frequency would decrease each generation. |
Created by:
Jen2pen
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