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Pesticides plus
Pesticides and Agriculture- APES
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DDT and dieldrin are... | chlorinated hydrocarbons |
| parathion, malathion are examples of | organophosphates |
| The most persistant class of pesticides (and therefore largely banned in the U.S.) | chlorinated hydrocarbons |
| Advantages of pesticides: | save lives, increase food supply, work fast, safe if used properly, can increase farmer profits in short term |
| Disadvantages of pesticides: | promote genetic resistance, kil natural pest enemies, pollute soils and water, can harm wildlife and people, costly to farmer as genetic resistance spreads |
| Reduce your exposure to pesticides by... | eating organic foods, growing your own fruits & veggies, eat less or no meat, trim the fat off meat you eat, wash and scrub all produce |
| Alternatives to pesticides | cultivation methods such as crop rotation or strip cropping, bring in natural enemies (biological controls like bacteria and pesticides), scalding pests with hot water (this is done here in FL) |
| Integrated pest management (IPM) | designed program using a combination of cultivation, biological controls and chemical tools |
| Disadvantages of IPM | requires expert knowledge and high upfront costs |
| Ways IPM could be promoted by government | add taxes to pesticides and use revenue to fund IPM research, federally supported IPM demonstration project at at least 1 farm in every county, train USDA field personal in IPM so they can help farmers |
| Terracing | a way to grow food on steep slopes w/out depleting topsoil. terraces run across land's contours which helps retain water and reduces erosion. |
| alley cropping | one or more crops planted together in strips between trees or shrubs that provide shade and prevent erosion. |
| conservation tillage | no-till or minimum tillage farming that increase crop yields, traps carbon in soil, prevents erosion. |
| strip cropping | alternating strips of row-crops like corn and cover crops. cover crops traps topsoil and reduces water runoff. |
| organic fertilizers | animal manure, green manure(vegetation), compost-all add humus to soil, nutrients, texture |
| N-P-K | nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium-major fertilzer nutrients which are essential to plant growth. |
| Ways to prevent/clean-up salinization of soils | reduce irrigation and switch to salt-tolerant crops, flush soil (could lead to water-logging),stop growing crops for a few years, install underground drainage system (expensive) |
| Golden Rice | genetically engineered rice that contians beta-carotene (body converts it to vitamin A (without this blindness sets in). Created for malnutrion problem in developing countries. |
| monocultures | raising single crop. polycultures are healthier for the land. |
| slash and burn agriculture | cutting trees in a part of tropical rainforest, growing crops there for a few years, then moving on to another portion of land |
Created by:
sallywentzell
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