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Discovering Biology1
Discovering Design with Biology Chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Irreducible complexity | When a system is made up of several interacting components, each of which is necessary for he system to function, and none of which can be made by modifying an already-existing component. |
| Metabolism | The sum of all chemical reactions occurring in an individual cell to sustain life. |
| Catabolism | The chemical reactions occurring in an individual cell that break down complex molecules into simple ones, releasing energy that the organism can use. Example: digestion |
| Anabolism | The chemical reactions that build complex molecules from simple ones, usually requiring the input of energy. Example: Adds new tissue around wounded tissue. |
| Homeostasis | The ability of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment. |
| Symbiosis | A long-term relationship between organisms of different species. Example: Lichen on trees. |
| Asexual reproduction | A mode of reproduction in which the offspring comes from only one organism. |
| Sexual reproduction | A mode of reproduction which combines genetic information from a male and female to produce offspring. |
| Differentiation | The process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific set of tasks. |
| Taxonomy | The science of classifying things. |
| Prokaryotic cell | A cell WITHOUT organelles. |
| Eukaryotic cell | A cell with organelles. |
| Energy | The ability to do work. |
| Producers | Organisms that can produce energy-rich molecules as their food source. |
| Consumers | Organisms that must eat other organisms for food. |
| Decomposers | Organisms that decompose dead organisms. Example: earthworm. Fungus. Bacteria. |
| Natural selection | The process by which organisms better adapted to an environment will be more likely to survive and reproduce, passing's those adaptations to their offspring. |
| Mutation | A change in an organism's DNA that alters the information contained in the DNA. |
| Ecosystem | The step in the organization of life that broadens to include the interaction of living organisms with the physical world they inhabit. To include: microbes, plants, animals in a geographic location as well as the rainfall, temperature, and sunlight. |
| Baraminology | Creationist view of taxonomy. Attempts to link the organisms we see today to those that God created. |
| Catabolism (example) | If your body isn’t getting the food and nutrients it needs to fuel daily living, this is the mechanism that breaks down muscle and fat for energy. |
| DNA | DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID |
| binomial nomenclature | The last two names... Genus, Species. Example: Homo sapiens. Ursus americans (black bear) |
| Steps of the scientific method in order | Observation hypothesis prediction experimentation analysis conclusion |
| Trophic level | the position an organism occupies in a food chain |
| Organization of life... beginning with subatomic particles | sub-atomic particle, atom, molecule, cell organelle, cell, tissue, organ, (system of organs), organism, (population), (community), ecosystem, biome, biosphere, (solar system), (universe) |
| Biome | Ecosystems can interact to form biomes. There are 7 terrestrial biomes: tundra, coniferous forests, temperate forest, rainforests, scrublands, grasslands, and deserts. There are 3 aquatic biomes: lakes, coastal, and ocean. |
| Bioshere | The earth. All biomes viewed collectively, including their interactions with each other. |
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