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Anti-helminth

Pharma

QuestionAnswer
Albendazole + Mebendazole Inhibit the polymerization of the microtubules by binding to beta tubulin. -worm immobilization Disruption of mito Lysosomal release and death -decrease glucose uptake selective when low dose so it wont affect human
Ivermectin Paralysis of worms by:- Activate glutamate gated CL- channels. .’. Inc permeability of cell membrane for chloride ions. Hyperpolarisation causes paralysis the worm
Pyrantel pamoate Depolarization of neuromascular block by: Causes ach release. Inhibit ache
Diethylcarbamazine Immobilize microfilariae And alter their surface structure. And make them phagocytes
Praziquantel 1- Inc cell permeability to Ca Ca influx Muscle contraction and paralysis 2-disintegration of the tegument of helminth Low conc: Inc muscle activity Spastic paralysis High conc: Tegumental damage
Niclosamide Inhibit glucose uptake
Albendazole + Mebendazole Oral (better absorption with high fatty meal) SE: Short term: - Mild epigastric pain NDH Insomnia
Albendazole + Mebendazole Long term: - Alopecia Fever Fatigue Pain H Neutropenia pancytopenia
Albendazole + Mebendazole Contra for 1st trimester of pregnant.
Ivermectin Cutaneous larva Strongyloidiasis river blindness Filariasis Ectoparasitic (scabies & head lice)
Ivermectin Contra: Children (increased risk CNS effects) Pregnancy
Ivermectin SE:- Flaccid paralysis Fatigue N AP Rashes Seizures Inc liver enzymes
Pyrantel pamoate Enterobius vermicularis Ascaris lumbricoides Hookworm
Pyrantel pamoate Contra= severe liver disease & 1st trimester
Pyrantel pamoate SE: DH Insomnia Rash Fever
Diethylcarbamazine For:- Filariasis Loasis
Diethylcarbamazine SE:- Fever malaise rash h Mazzotii reaction :- (dying microfilariae). Muscle & joint pain. Chest pain Proteinuria Leucocytosis Retinal hemorrhage Encephalopathy
Praziquantel FOR:- Schistosomiasis Taeniasis and diphyllobothriasis Neurocysticercosis (+albendezole) Hydatid disease
Praziquantel Safe pregnancy
Praziquantel Contra = ocular cysticercosis Caution: Severe liver disease AV block
Praziquantel SE:- H Drowsiness N AP Pruritis Cardiac arrhythmias After starting the course: Low grade fever Pruritis Skin rashes Due to the release of proteins from dying worms
Niclosamide Taken with laxative
Niclosamide FOR:- Tapeworm T. Saginata T solium Diphyllobothrium latum Hymenolepis nana
Created by: Heba666
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