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Unit 5 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Amniocentesis A prenatal test that is used to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities in a fetus.
Asexual reproduction A type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes from two parents.
Birth The process by which a baby exits the womb.
Cancer A disease that is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
Cleavage The process by which a fertilized egg divides into multiple cells.
Cloning The process of producing a genetically identical copy of an organism.
Development The process by which an organism grows and changes from a single cell into an adult.
Differentiation The process by which cells become specialized to perform specific functions.
Egg The female reproductive cell.
Embryo The early stage of development of an organism.
Estrogen A female sex hormone that is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
External fertilization A type of fertilization that occurs outside the body.
Fertilization The fusion of a sperm and an egg to form a zygote.
Fetus The later stage of development of an organism, from about 8 weeks after conception until birth.
Gametes Reproductive cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as somatic cells.
Growth The increase in size or number of cells, organs, or tissues.
Internal fertilization A type of fertilization that occurs inside the body.
Meiosis A type of cell division that produces gametes.
Mitosis A type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
Negative feedback loop A control mechanism that helps to maintain homeostasis.
Ovaries The female reproductive organs that produce eggs and estrogen.
Fallopian tube/oviduct The tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus.
Placenta The organ that connects the mother and fetus and provides the fetus with nutrients and oxygen.
Progesterone A female sex hormone that is responsible for preparing the uterus for pregnancy.
Sex cells Reproductive cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as somatic cells.
Sexual reproduction A type of reproduction that involves the fusion of gametes from two parents.
Sperm The male reproductive cell.
Testes The male reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone.
Testosterone A male sex hormone that is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
Ultrasound A device that uses sound waves to create an image of a fetus.
Umbilical cord The cord that connects the fetus to the placenta.
Uterus The muscular organ that houses the developing fetus.
Zygote The fertilized egg.
Created by: user-1762747
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