Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bac, & viral Disease
Microbiology 1 final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Streptococcal Diseases | Strep throat Scarlett fever Necrotising Fascitis |
| Streptococcal disease microbe? | Streprococcus Pyrogenes Chains of Gram Pos cocci in lungs/throat ears/ respiratory problems in skin, fleash eating bacteria w/ extra toxin gene, Scarlet fever (breaks capillaries) |
| Diptheria Disease symptoms | Toxin kills epithelial cells of pharnyx, dead cells, mucus, WBC & fibers create pseudo membrane - can be fatal |
| Diptheria microbe | Corynebactrum bipheria (gram Pos) |
| Pertussis Whooping Cough symptoms | 100 day cough |
| Pertussis Whooping Cough microbe | Bordetella Pertussis, Vaccine is DTaP Diptheria, tetenus, acellular Pertusis |
| Meningococcal meningitis symptoms | gets in through res. tract, into blood vessels and cerebrospinal fluid (inflamation of mennenges) |
| Meningococcal meningitis microbe | Neisseria Menngitiois, Gram (-) neg. TREAT: antibiotic and antitoxin (neutralize poison bacteria produce) |
| Haemophilus meningitis | Haemophilus Influenza, type B; not related to the flu, Vaccine in USA 1987, 5% mortality |
| Tuberculosis microbe | Mycobacterum Tuberculosis, (acid fast, rod staining) |
| Tuberculosis symptoms | fever, blood in sputum, chest pain, night sweats, weight loss. Forms tubercles. Consumption. Kills up to a million peeps a year |
| Tuberculosis treatment | open air, Isoniazid, Ritampicin, antibiotics |
| Primary Atypical pneumonia microbe | Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 0.2 micrometers, the smallest pneumonia |
| Primary Atypical pneumonia description | occurs in healthy people, "walking pneumonia", no cell wall in a micoplasma so penicillion won't work |
| Primary Atypical pneumonia treatment | antibiotics to target ribosome Diagosis, cast test (antibodies will clump)s (tetracycline/ erythromycin) |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia microbe | Streptococcus pneumonia (resident organism that usually doesn't cause disease) |
| Pneumococcal Pneumonia description | fluid in lungs, targets elderly & Secondarily immune compromised individuals, tens of thousands of fatalities in US every year. |
| Other pneumonia causing bacteria | Klebsiella pneumonia & Serratia marcascens: Nosocomial infections (acquired in healthcare setting) health care workers (yikes), lung infections & UTI's |
| Legionnaires Disease microbe | Legionella pneumophila (phila = like) Gram Neg, Diff to grow in lab, grows in standing water & air conditioners |
| Legionnaires Disease description | Mortality rate of 15 to 20%, first outbreak killed lots of vets, Treatment: Erythromycin |
| Q Fever Description | microbe: Coxiella Burnetti, Type: Rickettsiae (very small) causes: contact with animals |
| Psittacosis Description | Pron "sitaki" Chlamidia psittaci, mild infection, get from birds. |
| Intoxications VS infections | Food borne: Intoxication from toxins/poisons Infections from live bacteria |
| Staphylococcal food poisoning (most common after salmonella) | S. Aureus - clusters of spheres (nasal passage, throat, hair, skin; very common; fast incubation (1-6); grows well on meats, dairy, potato salad; Produces exotoxin/ enterotoxin(abdominal symptoms, nonlethal) |
| Botulims microbe | Clostridium Botulism, the most lethal bacteria on earth, Anerobic, spores, powerful nerve toxin, canned food & honey, flacid paralysis |
| Salmonellosis (all) | Salmonella genus, high incidence in US, get from poultry, eggs, mayo, fever, diarrhea, reactive arthritis |
| Typhoid fever (all) | Typhos (cloudy or smoky) Salmonella Typhi,(sewage & foods) FROM: poultry, mayo, etc SYM: bloody stool, fever, delirium. Ulcerate intestines & pass to blood. may get "reactive arthritis" Decimated populations |
| Typhoid Fever transmission | the five F's: fleas, food, feces, fomites (objects) ____ one more?? |
| Typhoid Mary | Carriers: 5% shed Salmonella Typhi, but have no symptoms. She was a cook who gave it to 28 people. |
| Shigllosis (causes 2 diseases: shigellosis & dysentery) | shigellosis: small intestine infection (watery diahhrea); Dysentary: Lg intestine (bloody stool w/cramping). dirty water, food, shellfish (veggies washed in dirty water). Severe dehydration possible, treat symptoms only. |
| Cholera | Vibro Cholerae: shellfish, oysters, or fecal contaminated water. Intense "rice water stools", dehydrate (no urine, thick blood, wrinkle skin) TRT: Tetracycline & rehydration |
| Cholera Epidemics | 7 pandemics since 1800's |
| E coli | Gm (-) NEG w/ pili for attachment, gastroenteritis, Complications: HUS (kidney failure, hemeragic colitis), DANGEROUS: E coli 0157:H7, mutates by transduction |
| Transduction | a bacterial gene is transferred to another bacterium by a virus |
| Peptic Ulcer Disease | Heleobactor Pilori, Has urase enzyme: breaks down urea in stomach (neutralizes acid) & breaks down stomach linig, DX: breath test. CONT: person to person TRT: heavy does tetracyclines for months. |
| Listeriosis | Listeria Monocytogenes, contaminated meat, milk & cheese, Affects monocytes (immune syastem), psychrotrophic |
| Psychrotrophic | Grows in refrigerator |
| microaerophile | likes a little O2 = Campylobacteriosis |
| Campylobacteriosis | On of the most common diseases in US, Diarrhea fever, cramps; contaminated poultry; sometimes fatal; COMP: Guilian Barre |
| Brucellosis | Brucella species, Get from animals, raw milk, open wounds; RARE farmers & vets; Undulant fever, TRT: Doxycycline/ Rifampin |
| Strepococcus Mutans | Plaque on teeth, 20 types of bacteria cause biofilms SYM: caries (sugar digest by bac, secrete acid)& gingivitis |
| Anthrax | Bacillus Anthraxis, Toxin producing bac., kills cells, respiratory (often fatal) 7 cutaneous |
| Tetanus | Clostridium tetani, secretes toxin that blocks muscle relaxation, anerobic, from soil, vaccine |
| DTaP | Diptheria, tetanus, pertussis |
| Gas Gangrene | Clostridium perfringens, (soil) bac. forms toxins, "gangrene" = blood flow stopped. wet gangrene ferments proteins & carbs to gas. |
| Bacteria that produce toxins: | Gangrene (clostridium perfringes), tetanus (clostridium tetani), Clostridium botulinum: botulinum, Anthrax (bacillus anthraxis),Corynebacterium diphtheriae: diptheria, Bordetella pertussis: pertussis toxin Vibrio cholerae: cholera, |
| Bubonic Plague | Versina Pestis (from pest-flea), Lungs> contagious & fatal, blood (septicemic) fatal, Boboes> purple lesions at lymph |
| Rocky Mountain spotted fever | Rickettsia Rickettsii (Ricketty tick), fever & rash, (Dox & Amox) |
| Lyme Disease | Borrelia burgdorferi (BB like Bambi), spirochete, (Dox & Amox), can result in chronic arthritis |
| Typhus Fever (not Typhoid) | Rickettsia Prowazekii, lice, |
| Difference between Typhus fever and typhoid fever | Typhus = lice borne, INFECTION (high fever) Rickettsia prowazekii. Typhoid Fever = Food poisoning, (bloody stool) INTOXICATION, Salmonella typhi, 5 f's food, fleas, feces, fomites |
| The 5 F's | Food, feces, fingers, fomites, fleas |
| Leprosy | mycobacterium leprae (like TB, eats tissue), 3 - YEAR incubation, disfiguring (lepromas), nerve damage |
| Zap it with Dap | Dapsone > leprosy, malaria, PCP (MDT, multi) |
| ABC infections | Abcess (pus filled lesion) Boil (infected hair follicle) Carbuncle (a series of connected boils) |
| Staphylcoccal infections | Staphyloccus aurus, ABC infection, the most dangerous staph, can penetrate to blood, MRSA/ VRSA Methicillin/ Vancomycin |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | strain of SA, Makes Toxin, lacerates tissues, bloodstream, lack of O2, (tattoos, tampons) |
| Trachoma | Chlamydial Trachomas, #1 cause of preventable blindness (omas - tumors) |
| Streptococcal Diseases | Scarlett fever, Narcotizing fasciitis |
| Yaws | (raspberry) spirochete, like syphilis organism |
| UTI | E. Coli & others, pili help attach |
| Syphilis | Treponema Pallidum = spitochete, 3 stages: Chancre, rash, rumma (lesion/ CNS degrneration, sex & placenta |
| Gonorrhea | Neisseria Gonorrhoeae,n gm neg dipplococcus, |
| Chlamydial urethritis | Chlamydia Trachomatis, (urinary TRACH)#1 infectious disease (STD) (Matis, inflammations) BOTH END IN TIS |
| Influenza | Recombant RNA virus, 9-15 HN spikes (attachment/ release), Antigenic shift - major changes to flu genome RESPIRATORY |
| Parainfluenza | kids under 6, misdiagnosed as cold |
| Adenovirus | common cold (20 viruses) |
| Rhinovirus/ Corona virus | inflammation upper respiratory tract. 60% on hands. Corona, crown spike proteins |
| SARS | variant corona virus, 2003, severe pneumonia |
| RSD = resp syncytial disease | babies, viral pneumonia, syncytia = giant cell fusions |
| synagist | Immune Globulin |
| Herpes Simplex | Herpes = "to creep" infects nerves under skin, 90% exposed, type 1 mouth, type 2 |
| Provirus | Goes latent, hides, recurrent attacks under stress |
| Base Analog | Fake nucleotide (fake G) Acyclovir: anti viral |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | provirus gets in genes & mutates DNA, (MUTAGEN) |
| Chicken pox/ shingles | VZV - Herpes varicella/ Herpes zoster (girdle) not true pox. |
| Asprin | Reyes Syndrome |
| Smallpox | Variola virus 30% fatal, spread by resp droplets, huge fluid-filled vesicles, totally ERADICATED 1979, bio terrorism threat |
| Monkeypox | came to America in prairie dogs and Gambian rats. |
| Papilloma virus | HPV: herpes, provirus, warts & cervical cancer |
| measles | red w/white centers, koplik spots in mouth, cause encephalitis |
| Mumps | virus blocks parotid (saliva) glands, can affect testes (orchitis) |
| Rubella | German measeles, rash is flat, vertical transmission |
| vertical transmission | mom to fetus |
| MMR | attenuated live vaccine |
| fifth disease | 5 rash diseases, slapped cheek |
| Yellow Fever | virus, mosquito vector, fever jaundice, internal bleeding (30,000 deaths annually) |
| Jaundice | liver infection - improper breakdown of RBC or overflow of bile into blood |
| ARBOvirus | Arthropod Borne |
| Dengue Fever | RNA virus, 4 serotypes, |
| Infectious mononucleosis | EBV = Epstien Barr Virus, Herpes virus, children & young adults, spleen rupture burkitt's lymphoma (africa), |
| Hep A (acute) | A & E food & water borne, Acute lasts 2 weeks to 6 months, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, liver enlargement (all Hep have some) |
| Hep B (body fluids) | Body fluids, incubate 4-6 months, complication: liver cancer, Treat: immuunoglobulin/ interferon Can be with Hep D |
| Hep C (chronic) | STD & needles, slow but deadly, cirrhosis & lover failure, #1 reason for liver transplants |
| Viral Gastroenteritis | Rotavirus (worse, Norvirus (cruise ships) inflammation of GI, dehydration kills 600,000 kids per year |
| Lassa Fever | Rats (eating or preparing), potentially deadly hemorrhagic fever |
| Ebola virus | Filoviridae family (needle & thread) melts your organs, 50 - 90% mortallity, similar Marurgh virus, |
| HIV/ AIDS | + RNA virus, reverse transcriptase to make DNA copy & hide in DNA, destroys immune system, when T helper cells beloww 200 = AIDS |
| Rabies | Rhabdoviridae family = bullet shaped, single strand RNA, spinal cord & brain degenerate, hydrophobia, death from respiratory paralysis, Dumb and violent rabies. |
| Rabies incubation | 2 months to a year, so can get the sh |
| Polio | a pico virus, one of the smallest, contaminated food & water, paralysis, may be the next one eradicated |
| CMV Cytomegalovirus | Eyes & brain, produce serious birth defects, vertical transmission-microcephaly |
| West Nile | arbovirus, encephilitis |
| Varient CJD | Prion disease, infectious proteins that cause fatal brain diseases |
| Amoebiasis | Entamoeba Histolytica-tissue breaker, 2nd only to malaria for death. water, cysts |
| PAM Primary Amoebic Meningoenchelitis | killer amoeba, naegleria fowleri. 95% death, waterborne through nose |
| Giardiasis | most common protozoal disease in US, sewage/water, enterotest capsule on a string |
| African sleeping sickness/ Chagas disease | Trypanosomiasis, 2 different diseases, ASS = tsetse fly (brain damage)/ Chagas = kissing bug(heart damage) Killed Darwin. |
| Leishmaniasis | Rose of Jerico (congrgate, soldier in the desert get it, Baghdad boil (can be lethal) |
| Trichomoniasis | STD, Trichomonis Vaginalis, flagellate, |
| Balantidiasis | B coli, ciliate (hair-like/only path. one), cyst/ water (fecal oral)/ trophozoites |
| Toxoplasmosis | Apicomplexan from cats, rats>birds> cats Toxoplasmosa gondi (protozoa) |
| Vertical transmission TORCH | Toxoplasmosis, Other (HIV), Rubella, Cytomegaiaovirus, Herpes Simplex |
| Cryptosporidiosis | Protazoa, America> swimming pool (survives chlorination), low dose (only 30 organisms) lead to infection. Intense diarrhea |
| Apicomplexan (Plasmodium) disease | Malaria, every 3-4 days comunicate & explode cells > fever > chills during recovery |
| Know the killers | HIV, TB, Malaria, Staff, Antanoeba, hanta virus |
| Cryptococcosis | Mycosis - fungal, airborne/ bird droppings/ 25% of fungal deaths, lungs/ body cavities - treatable, but dangerous (Amphoterican) |
| Candidiasis | mycosis (fungal), Candida Albicans, vulovaginitis, oral (cottage cheese), intestinal |
| Dermotophytosis | Tinea infections, tinea capitus, tinea pedus, tinea curis |
| Histoplasmosis | Histoplasma capsulatum (encapsilated spore), lungs & spores, birds & bat droppings, |
| Blastomycosis | Blastomyces dermatitidis, lungs to skin or bones, very common in SE US. Untreated can be fatal |
| Pneumo-cystic Pneumonia (PCP) | Fungal pneumonia, kills AIDS patients, resembles both fungus & animal (protozoa) |
| Aspergillosis | Aspergillus flavus: produces aflatoxin: accute hepititis/ heptic carcinoma (corn, peanuts, wet carpet) |
| Ergot poisioning | Salem witch, fungus on cereal plants or rye, cause hallucinations, convulsions, death |
Created by:
onesmartgirl
Popular Biology sets