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Terms

QuestionAnswer
Alleles Alternate forms or varieties of a gene.
Chromosomes Thread-like, gene-carrying bodies in the nucleus of the cell.
Dominant allele An allele that masks the presence of a recessive allele
f1 generation The first offspring (or filial) generation. The next subsequent generations are referred to as f2, f3...fx
gene pool All the genes in all individuals in a breeding population. More precisely, its the collective genotype of a population.
genes Units of inheritance usually occurring at specific locations,, or loci, on a chromosome.
genome The full genetic complement of an individual (or of a species).
genotype The genetic make-up of an individual. Genotype can refer to an organism's entire genetic make-up or the alleles at a particular locus.
heterozygous A genotype consisting of two different alleles of a gene for a particular trait (Aa). *individuals who are heterozygous for a trait are referred to as heterozygotes.
homozygous having the same allele at the same locus on both members of a pair of homologous chromosomes. Homozygous also refers to a genotype consisting of two identical alleles of a gene for a particular trait.
AA Homozygous dominant
Aa Homozygous recessive
phenotype The observable or detectable characteristics of an individual organism-the detectable expression of a genotype.
Punnett square A simple graphical method of showing all of the potential combinations of offspring genotypes than can occur and their probability given the parent genotypes.
recessive allele An allele that is masked in the phenotype by the presence of a dominant allele. Recessive alleles are expressed in the phenotype when the genotype is homozygous recessive (aa)
X-linked Referring to a gene that is carried by an X sex chromosome.
carrier An individual who is heterozygous for a trait that only shows up in the phenotype of those who are homozygous recessive. Often show no signs, but can pass it on.
Created by: dhdann3
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