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AP Bio final

AP Bio fall semester final 2023

QuestionAnswer
The main information molecule, kept in the nucleus, made with nucleotides. DNA
An element that can rob electrons and become negative, attracting positive atoms. Also is crucial for pulling electrons through the ETC, helping with energy. Oxygen
Increases as cells grow, but can only feed the faster growing volume until limits are reached. Cell Surface Area
Describes molecules with a partial positive-charged side and a partial negative-charged side. Polar
A structure that does photosynthesis with thylakoids, stroma, LIR and LDR Chloroplasts
Weaker attraction caused by H+ Atoms - Found between water molecules Hydrogen Bonds
A living, fluid barrier made with phospholipids, may burst in hypotonic solutions. Cell membrane
An energy storing molecule made by linking sugars together when it's large. Carbohydrate
Found often in cell membranes, very non polar, can be double-bonded to decrease viscosity. Lipids
Universal energy carrier, it can assist with 1000's of reactions, made by linking 3 phosphates. ATP
A nonliving, protective barrier that helps plant cells deal with turgor pressure. Cell Wall
Low particle concentration in solutions, could extend Dr. K's cellular efficiency and his lifespan Hypotonic
The particle concentration when cells don;t quickly gain or lose large amounts of water Equilibrum
High particle concentration in solutions, makes cells shrink, causes Dr. K's wrinkles. Hypertonic
A structure that uses the products of glycolysis to generate lost of ATP by aerobic respiration. Mitochondria
A type of symbiosis when both species benefit from the situation. Mutualism
When one individual puts itself in harm's way to benefit the main group. Altruism
When an animal evolves an appearance to blend in with its surroundings. Cryptic Coloration
A general term for when one species lives in a close relationship with another species. Symbiosis
When an animal develops warning colors to ward off potential predators. Aposematic Coloration
A type of symbiosis when one species benefits but the other species experiences a cost. Parasitism
When a special molecule gets directly in the way of the active site of an enzyme. Competitive Inhibition
Using channel proteins to transport large or charged molecules with the gradient. Facilitated Diffusion
When an enzyme normally acts on the correct substrate at an uninhibited rate. Normal Enzyme Binding
This liquid can indicate the rate of oxygen consumption in a respirometer. Red Manometer Fluid
When a membrane uses special protein pumps and ATP power to work against the gradient. Active Transport
A series of reactions that happens in the matrix, making energy carriers for the ETC. Kreb Cycle
When a special molecule binds to an enzyme away from the active site, altering the shape, slowing. Allosteric Inhibition
Using no extra energy or special proteins to allow molecules to enter/exit with the gradient. Simple Diffusion
Also known as the electron transport chain, it creates H+ power to assist ATP synthase. ETC
An enzyme powered by the backflow of Hydrogen Ions, makes universal energy carriers. ATP synthase
A sugar made in leaves by photosynthesis, transported by phloem to the rest of the plant. Glucose
Happens in the cytosol, where glucose is broken into pyruvates, releasing 2 ATP's and NADH. Glycolysis
Used when a cell needs quick energy in anaerobic situations, but produces lactic acid in animals. Fermentation
The gas used by plants to build carbon-based sugars like glucose. Carbon Dioxide
An awesome liquid required by plants to donate electrons via photolysis, which is driven by the sun. Water
Created by: josie_dr
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