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Honors Bio CH. 9
Photosynthesis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the reactants (start) of photosynthesis? | Sunlight + CO2 + H2O |
| __ is a molecule that cells use to store and release energy. | ATP (3) |
| When this molecule has a phosphate group broken off, it becomes __. | ADP (2) |
| Besides energy being released, __ is also given off. | Heat |
| A(n) __ is a type of organism that makes its own food. | Autotroph |
| All the energy for living things comes from the __ either directly or indirectly. | Sun |
| Autotroph (which include plants, some bacteria, and __) are considered the __ because they provide for themselves and the rest of the biosphere. | Algae Producers |
| Photosynthesis takes place in an organelle called the __. | Chloroplast |
| Inside this organelle, there are many green, pancake shaped objects called __. | Thyaloids |
| During photosynthesis __ energy from the Sun is converted into food or __ energy. | Radiant Chemical |
| The energy coming from the Sun is in the form of a tiny packet called __. | Photons |
| When light hits (or strikes) a dark green leaf, which color(s) are absorbed? | Red, orange, yellow, blue, indigo, violet |
| When light hits (or strikes) a dark green leaf, which color(s) are reflected back? | Green |
| Photosynthesis takes place inside a plant cell in an organelle called a __. ⮐ inside a __ ⮐ inside a __, which is found in the phospholipid membrane of a thylakoid. | Chloroplast Thylakoid Photosystems |
| __ are the colors of light that are used the best in photosynthesis. | Blue/red |
| The Sun emits a whole range of wavelengths that humans cannot see with the naked eye. It includes infrared waves and ultraviolet waves. This is called __ sprectrum. | Electromagnetic |
| The main pigment in plants is __. | Chlorophyll |
| Carotenoids are a type of __ pigment in plants. | Extra |
| When Fall arrives, the trees STOP producing chlorophyll. The green pigment of chlorophyll covers up the underlying accessory pigments. One of the accessory pigments (that produces yellow, orange, and red) is called __. | carotenoids |
| Many stacks of __ are called a grana. One stack is called granum. | Thylakoid |
| The fluid surrounding the thylakoids of a chloroplast are called ___. | Stroma |
| The ___ is a series of protein complexes that transfer electrons across the Thylakoid membrane. | ETC/ Electron Transport Chain |
| When electrons move across the electron transport chain they cause the protein channel to open which allows ___ ions to move into interior of the Thylakoid. | Hydrogen |
| Electrons continue to move down the electron transport chain but start to lose energy until they get energized by Photo system # __. | One |
| When the excited electron reaches the end of the ETC, the electron combines with NADP+ and H+ and makes ___. | NADPH |
| The Hydrogen ions (H+) that enter the interior of the Thylakoid move from ___ concentration to ___ concentration and exit the Thylakoid through an enzyme called ______. This enzyme makes ___ by bonding ADP and P. | High 2 Low, ATP synthase, ATP |
| After the NADPH and the ATP are made in the light reaction of Photosynthesis, they are moved to the __ where part 2 of photosynthesis (The Calvin Cycle) occurs. | Stroma |
| Which photosystem comes first in the ETC? | Two |
| When __ is split in the Thylakoid, it splits into O2 (oxygen gas), H+ (hydrogen ions) and ___. | Water, electrons |
| What reactant is needed to start the Calvin Cycle. | CO2 |
| What is the name of the plant enzyme that reacts with CO2 at the beginning of the Calvin Cycle. | Rubisco |
| What products from the Light Reaction are used in the Calvin Cycle? | ATP & NADPH |
| How does ATP release the energy? | It breaks off a phosphate |
| How many times must the Calvin Cycle turn to make ONE glucose (C6H12O6)? | Six Times |
| How many PGALS are used to make a glucose? | Two |
| What is the name of the molecule that is regenerated in the Calvin Cycle? | RuBP |
| The Light Reaction takes place in the ___, the Calvin Cycle takes places in the ___. | Thylakoid, Stroma |
| NADPH is made in the ___ Reactions, NADPH is used in the ____ Reactions. | Light, Light independent |
| CO2 + H2O --- C6H12O6 + O2 What type of chemicals are used in the Reduction Reaction? | CO2, C6H12O6 |
| CO2 + H2O --- C6H12O6 + O2 What type of chemicals are used in the Oxidation Reaction? | H2O + O2 |
| During ___ the H+ moved across the ETC and into the Thylakoid where they eventually move out through the enzyme ATP synthase and make ATP. (This is a special way to make ATP) | Chemiosmosis |
| The above process (chemiosmosis) has the world osmosis in it because it is __ that is split to provide the H+ in the Thylakoid. | Water |
| Increasing the intensity of light has the following effect on photosynthesis. | Photosynthesis increases and then levels off. |
| Increasing the temperature increases photosynthesis but if the temperature outside gets too hot, photosynthesis will stop. This is because the heat causes the enzymes to unfold or __. | Denature |
| Increasing the amount of CO2 will cause photosynthesis to... | Speed up at first, then level off |
| What it gets too hot outside, a plant will close the stomata in the cells under its leaf to prevent to much water being lost. This causes CO2 to stop coming int the cell and stops O2 from exiting the cell. This is called... | Photorespiration |
Created by:
starlightbff200
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