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Marine Mammals/repti

Marine mammals and reptiles

QuestionAnswer
Cetaceans Lack hair and have blubber. Limbs extended fingers and flipper forearms; hind limbs absent. Tail- modified into flukes (neomorphs) Pinnae- (external ear) absent. Nostrils- modified as blowhole(s)
Types of Cetaceans Mysticetes and odontocetes
Mysticetes Baleen whales. -no teeth present in the postnate. baleen plates present in the upper jaw. two adjacent blowholes
Odontocetes Toothed whales. Dolphins.
Carnivora Bears, otters, and seals
Carnivora Characteristics Hair on skin. Subcutaneous blubber. Limbs range from flippers to fore. Nostrils can be closed in pinnipeds
Types of Carnivores Pinnipeds and Fissipeds
Pinnipeds Seals and sea lions
Fissipeds Polar bears and otters. Totally carnivorous
Sirenia Trichechidae and dugongs (odd toed ungulates like elephants and tapir). Lack hair. No external ear, can close nostrils, modified tail for swimming, and blubber. NEED to Drink freshwater everyday.
Rorquals Gulp schooling fish and krill
Surface plankton feeders Right and bowhead whales
Bottom plankton feeders Gray whales
Odondoceti characteristics Homodont Teeth and single blowhole. All Use echolocation. Cranial asymmetry, sexually dimorphic. Fatty pad in forefront
Echolocation (natures version of sonar) Used in all toothed whales and sometimes by baleen whales
Phocids 4 char. Seals/ No external ear. Firred hindflipper, mammae with 2 teats. Variable breeding
Otariids Eared seals and sea lions. External ears, hairless hindflippers, 4 teats, uniform breeding systems
Odobenids Walrus. No external ears. 4 teats. Polygymous breeding
Mustelidae Sea Otters
Ursidae Polar Bears
Trichechidae Manatees
Dudongidae Dudongs and stellers sea cow
Reptiles Adapted for life on land. Poikilotherms and ectotherms. Leathery eggs
Who are the reptiles Snakes, marine iguanas, crocodilians, and turtles
Crocodilians Alligators, crocodiles, and caimans
Alligator Wide round snout. Hidden teeth. Freshwater. Eat turtles
Crocodile v shaped snouth. Brackish and marine. Salt gland. aggressive
Caiman Teeth hanging out. Freshwater with no salt gland
Turtles Can’t retract head like land counterparts. Salt glands near eyes. Endothermic. Low metabolism
Created by: Siegfried Bio
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