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Fish/fish behavior

Fish/fish behavior flashcards

QuestionAnswer
Fish Aquatic vertebrate with gills and limbs in the shape of fins
Fish Structure Dorsal Fin, second dorsal fin, pectoral fin, pelvic fin, anal fin, caudal fin
Dorsal Fin Fin on top
Second Dorsal fin On top. Usually present
Pectoral Fin Fin behind gills
Anal Fin Right behind Anus
Caudal Fin Fin in back that provides locomotion
Operculum Where fish gills are
Amphioxus (Lancelots). Notochord and gill slits like tunicates but muscles are like vertebrates. Not developed head.
Jawless Fish Hagfish and lamprey. Toothlike structures but no jaw
Hagfish Slime defense mechanism
Lamprey Can go across land. Problem in Great Lakes
Placoderms Armor-plated bony fish
Ancient Fishes Armor bony fish and sharks
Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous fish. Elasmobranchs and halocephalii. All predators. 1. Have jaws 2. asymmetrical caudle fin
Elasmobranchs Sharks, skates, and rays
Holocephalii Chimaerans
Sharks 1. Predatory 2. Dermal denticle skin 3. No swim bladder 4. Advanced sensory system
Electroreception Ampullae of Lorenzi in shark heads to detect electrical fields
Sarcopterygia Lobe Finned fish. Lungfish and tetrapods
Lobed-fin fish Single bone with a fin. One main hardened structure
Lungfish Breathe air so can live in areas that dry. Big internal skeleton
Coelocanth Ancient with big lobe
Tetrapods Us, cows, reptiles, whales and other things
Actiopterygian Ray finned. Fins are webs of skin supported by bony spines. Hard bony structures. Chondrostei, Teleostei , and holostei
Chondostrei -sturgeons and paddlefish. mix of cartilage and bone
Halostei -gars and bowfin-some have rayed dorsal fins
Teleostei True bony fish. 95% of all fish
Placoid scales cartilaginous
Ganoid “relic” stuureon
Cycloid Lower teleots. Salmon and herring
Ctenoid Higher teleots. Modern fish
Gill slits multiple in sharks but one in bony
Bony fish gills Gills unseparated, protected by an operculum
Cartilagenous fish gills gills separated, each has its own gill slit.
Swim Bladder Air sac allowing for buoyancy
Otoliths Hearing. Calcium carbonate structure to detect vibrations. Great way to tell age.
Lateral line Mechanoreceptor to detect movement.
Barbels chemoreceptors. Catfish whiskers.
Open Ocean filter feeding No teeth, reduced jaw, swim withg mouths open, long guts for digesting chitonous plankton
Gill Rakers projections on the inner surface of their gill arches. Small hairs to collect particles. Soft in filter feeders
Open Ocean pursue prey Fast, streamline structure, feed by continental shelf.
Stalkers swim slowly or hover and then dart after prey. Big teeth and long bodied. Baracuda
Ambushers Chamo. Sit and wait predators. Large mouths. scorpionfish, rockfish, (anglerfish – deep ocean), eels
Pickers Top-feeders or bottom-feeders. Mouth in direction of feeding
Browsers -Chomp bites hear and there. Parrotfish
Diggers Goatfish. Expel water to turn over sediments
Cleanerfish Eat parasites off of other fish.
Garden Eeals Pick up suspension in water column
Stun Prey Electrically by electric eel and torpedo ray. Tuna whack them
Defensive Strategies coloration, take cover, evasion, schooling, gape, toxic
School dilution or attack abatement effect
Skittering one individual quickly rises from the group and then rejoins
Protean Behavior quick uncoordinated up and down of a few individuals
Roll and Flash rotates and flashes light
School predator condusing Skittering, protean behavior, and roll and flash
Gape Extend body size. Puffer fish
Toxic Pufferfish.
Mate Attraction -Extended ovipositors. -Brood pouches -Swollen bellies
Secondary sexual characters traits that attract mates not directly related to reproduction
The 2ndary characteristics -Large size -Often males are brightly colored -lavish spines
To protect their territories fish Spread fin and gills -Exaggerate swimming –Chase –Bite Vocalize
Created by: Siegfried Bio
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