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Muscular System HB

QuestionAnswer
Functions of the muscular system 1) produce movement 2) maintain posture 3) stabilize joints 4) generate heat
Characteristics of muscle tissue 1) excitability 2) contractibility 3) extensibility 4) elasticity
excitability respond to a stimulus from a neuron or hormone
contractability can shorten when stimulated
extensibility can lengthen or stretch past original shape
elasticity ability to recoil or bounce back to original shape
The types of muscle tissue 1) skeletal 2) cardiac 3) smooth
muscle fiber long, unbranched, multinucleated cell found in skeletal muscle
muscle made of many bundles of fibers
fascicle bundles of muscle fibers
myofibril thread-like organelles of muscle fibers
sarcomeres long, striated units of myofibrils
Two types of myofilaments actin and myosin
epimysium membrane that covers the whole muscle
perimysium membrane that covers each fascicle
endomysium membrane that covers each muscle fiber
sliding filament mechanism sliding of actin filaments toward the center of a sarcomere, causing muscle contraction
sarcomere functional unit of the muscle cell -consists of the myofilaments, actin, and myosin
Actin THIN muscle filament that causes muscle contraction
How many ATP molecules are used each time a myosin filament engages with an actin filament? 1
myosin THICK muscle filament that causes muscle contraction
motor neuron nerve cell that passes impulses to muscles
axon terminal end of an axon of a neuron that releases neurotransmitters
calcium enters axon-terminal when voltage-gated channels open
calcium channels voltage-gated channels that open when stimulus reaches axon terminal
acetylcholine neurotransmitter released from axon terminal that opens Na+ and K+ channels
Na+ (sodium) moves out of muscle fiber when ACh-gated channels opens
K+ (calcium) moves out of muscle fiber when ACh-gated channels open
synaptic cleft gap between axon terminal and sarcolemma of muscle fiber
sarcolemma plasma membrane around muscle fiber
Created by: LFeldmann
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