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322 Final
322 New
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| non opioid analgesic | mild to moderate pain; 1 - 5; NSAIDs, acetaminophen |
| NSAIDs | aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen; analgesia, anti inflammatory, anti platelet, antipyretic; something with swelling |
| acetaminophen | analgesia, antipyretic; no anti inflammatory; fever and headache |
| opioid analgesic | moderate to severe pain; 6 - 10; morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone |
| migraine headache | unilateral, throbbing pain, nausea vomiting, photophobia |
| migraine patho | neurovascular events in cerebral cortex |
| cluster headache | severe unilateral non throbbing pain, located around eye |
| selective serotonin 1 receptor antagonists for headaches; sumatriptan | vasoconstriction of cranial arteries; suicidal ideation and cardiac arrest |
| acetaminophen therapeutic range | max 4g day, max if daily 2g |
| acetaminophen toxic effects | hepatotoxicity and renal failure; antidote is acetylcystine |
| aspirin therapeutic level | 15 to 30 mg |
| aspirin antidote | sodium bicarbonate; enhances elimination in the urine, given until urine pH is between 7.5 and 8 |
| morphine risk | respiratory depression; antidote is naloxene |
| aspirin interventions | do not take with alcohol or warfarin, discontinue 7 days before surgery, can cause GI distress |
| aspirin side effects | tinnitus, dizziness, GI bleeding and ulceration, reye's syndrome |
| visual pain scale | choose a number 0 to 10 that best describes pain |
| FLACC | face, legs, activity, cry, consolability |
| OUCH scale | wong baker faces (think emojis) |
| non verbal pain scale | for cognitively impaired, emotion, movement, verbal cues, positioning and guarding |
| transdermal patch opioids | around the clock pain control, reduces ups and downs of pain |
| erythema | redness, blood accumulates in areas of tissue because of release of chemical mediators |
| edema | swelling, plasma leaks into interstitial tissues |
| heat | blood accumulation and result from pyrogens (produce fever) |
| pain | tissue swelling and release of chemical mediators |
| loss of function | accumulation of fluid at the tissue injury site |
| NSAID | decrease inflammation, relieve pain, reduce elevated body temperature, inhibit platelet aggregation |
| first generation NSAID | salicylates - aspirin; inhibits platelet aggregation |
| second generation NSAID | selective COX - 2 inhibitors - celecoxib, leaves the protection of the stomach lining intact so no gastric bleeding occurs |
| use of second generation NSAID | osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, dysmenorrhea, ankylosing spondylitis |
| black box for second generation NSAID | increase risk for CV events, increase risk for serious GI events in history with peptic ulcer disease |
| DMARDS | alleviate symptoms of RA, psoriatic arthritis, severe psoriasis , crohn disease, ulcerative colitis |
| infliximab | administered IV, DMARD, side effects (flu like), abdominal pain, weight loss, rash, alopecia, dry skin |
| infliximab adverse effects | chest pain, seizures, bone fractures, increased hepatic enzymes, anemia, neutropenia, pancytopenia, SJS |
| DMARD side effects | neutropenia, monitor vital signs for infection, CBC for WBC |
| corticosteroid use | autoimmune disorder or flare up, COPD |
| corticosteroid teaching | taper dose when discontinuing; longer term use has side effects like increased appetite, tachycardia, edema, sodium and water retention |
| colchicine | alleviates gout symptoms but does not decrease inflammation, does not inhibit uric acid synthesis and does not promote uric acid excretion |
| colchicine teaching | take with food to avoid GI distress |
| allopurinol | uric acid inhibitor, prevents gout attacks; first choice |
| allopurinol side effects | dry mouth, arthralgia, pruritus, erectile dysfunction, bradyacrdia, hyperglycemia, blood dycrasias, SJS |
| allopurinol interventions | record urine output, monitor renal and hepatic function, increase fluid intake, yearly eye exams |
| probenecid | blocks reabsorption of uric acid and promotes excretion, can be taken with colchicine |
| probenecid side effects | kidney stones, flushed skin, sore gums, severe blood dyscrasias - sulfinpyrazone |
Created by:
ahommel
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