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Unit 3 - Climates
3.1 Creating Climate Regions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| latitude | imaginary lines that run East and West, parallel to the equator |
| longitude | imaginary lines that run North and South, from pole to pole |
| climate | the average weather conditions in an area, classified by annual temperature and precipitation |
| parallels | lines of latitude that run East and West - used to measure North and South |
| meridians | lines of longitude that run North and South - used to measure East and West |
| prime meridian | meridian which runs through Greenwich, England and has a longitude of 0 degrees. It divides the Earth into the eastern and western hemispheres |
| equator | parallel which is equally distant from both poles and has a latitude of 0° degrees. It divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres. |
| climate zones | areas with distinct climates - these zones might correspond to weather patterns, latitude, or communities of plants and animals. |
| Köppen climate classification | one of the most widely used systems of climate zones that divides Earth into 5 climate zones, based on rainfall and temperature. |
| Tropical | close to the equator with high temperatures and significant precipitation |
| Dry | immediately north and south of the tropical zone with low precipitation |
| Temperate | north and south of the dry zone with a greater range of temperatures and precipitation |
| Continental | located over large landmasses where temperatures vary significantly - experiences all 4 seasons |
| Polar | zones closest to the poles with temperature averages below 10 degrees C. |
| Antarctic | southernmost region of the world that includes the South pole, continent of Antarctica, and the area around it |
| Arctic | northernmost region in the world that includes the Arctic Ocean, polar ice caps, and continental land masses |
| circles of latitude | four major parallels, running east and west, north and south of the equator |
| Arctic Circle | northernmost boundary between Arctic and Temperate/Continental Climate Zones |
| Antarctic Circle | southernmost boundary between Antarctic and Temperate/Continental Climate Zones |
| Tropic of Cancer | northernmost boundary between temperate/continental and tropical climate zones |
| Tropic of Capricorn | southernmost boundary between temperate/continental and tropical climate zones |
| solar energy | energy that comes from the sun |
| kinetic energy | the energy an object has due to its motion |
| light energy | that form of energy that animals can see directly; visible electromagnetic radiation |
| energy transfer | the transfer of energy from one organism to another through a food chain or web; or the transfer of energy from one object to another, such as heat energy |
| latitude and longitude | a coordinate system used to determine and describe the position of any place on Earth’s surface |
Created by:
sarahjanelay
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