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MA - Unit 5

MA Notes/Vocab - Unit 5

Tone Color Quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another.
Glissando A rapid slide up and down a scale
Polychord Combination of two chords sounded at the same time
Tone Cluster When you play all the pitches in a pitch range. Is a dissonance effect.
Tonality (key) The use of a central tone, scale, and chord within a composition.
Tonic (keynote) The central tone and the composition's resting point.
Polytonality Approach to pitch organization using two or more keys at one time.
Bitonality Approach to pitch organization using two keys at one time, often found in twentieth-century music.
Atonality Absence of tonality, or key.
Polyrhythm Use of two or more contrasting and independent rhythms at the same time. Won't mesh well.
Ostinato Motive or phrase that is repeated persistently at the same pitch.
Impressionism Musical style that stresses tone color, atmosphere, and fluidity. Begins in painting.
Pentatonic Scales Scale made up of five different tones, used in folk music and music of the far east.
Whole-Tone Scale Scale made up of six different tones, each a whole step away from the next, that conveys no definite sense of tonality.
Primitivism Specifically using rhythm and percussion to evoke our base primitive emotions/making people uncomfortable. (can trigger the fight or flight impulse).
Expressionism Musical style stressing intense, subjective emotion and harsh dissonance, typical of German and Austrian music. Goal is to portray extremes in emotion.
Neoclassicism Initial movement from 1920-1950. A reaction to expressionism.
Poly Means two or more different chords.
Emancipation of Dissonance The freeing up of dissonance
Dissonance When you have unstable combinations of pitches that clash. (more chords = ______)
Polymeters A clash of metric patterns.
Meter How we group beats
Rapid Meter Changes Changing the meter a lot. (2 to 4, 3 to 7, etc.)
Melody In modern music, has a free format & is always the focal point in a piece.
Claude Debussy Main impressionist composer. From France.
The Scream (1893) Painting created by Edvard Munch. An early expressionist work of art.
The Rite of Spring A ballet created by Russian composer Igor Stravinski. Loud, fast, & aggressive music. Story about a poor girl who's forced to dance herself to death & is sacrificed to propitiate the god of spring. Premired in Paris & caused a riot.
The New Classical Music A counter movement in the U.S. to neoclassism. A more traditional form of music.
George Gershwin Took American popular music (jazz & blues) & combined them. Grew up in NYC & got his first real job as a song plugger, became a song writer all at 15. 1st to write an opera based on jazz & blues. 1st to have all Black cast.
Tin Pan Alley Center of the music publishing business in America. (Manhattan)
Rhapsody in Blue First piece that really combined jazz & classical music. Written by George Gershwin
Harlem Renaissance 1917-1935 an explosion of Black American culture centered in Harlem. (The rebirth of Black culture in America.)
William Grant Still Conservatory educated classical composer. Was the 1st Black composer to have a piece performed by a major American symphony orchestra (Called Afro-American Symphony).
Aaron Copeland Used American folk songs such as spirituals from the South, baptist hymns, pioneer songs. Traveled around American & documented 19th century folk music & brought that into classical music to create the American West sound.
Two sounds that America is known for Old West music & urban jazz music.
Who created the painting 'Impression Sunrise' Claude Monet
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