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Plant bio

Plant disease interactions

QuestionAnswer
Types of plant disease Fruit rot Stalk rot Leaf blight Wilt
Compatible interaction plant susceptible, pathogen virulent
Incompatible interaction plant resistant, pathogen avirulent
Zig-zag model PTI is also known as ‘basal resistance’ ETS is also known as ‘race-specific susceptibility’ ETI is also known as ‘race-specific resistance’ PTI: PAMP-Triggered Immunity ETS: Effector Triggered Susceptibility ETI: Effector Triggered Immunity
PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) Pathogen associated molecular patterns: - conserved pathogen molecules ie. bacterial flagellin PTI is initiated when PAMPs are recognized by transmembrane receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) ie. FLS2 - binds flagellin
FLS2 flagellin recognition FLS2 (flagellin sensing 2) is a transmembrane receptor kinase that binds to a 22 amino acid peptide from flagellin fls2 mutants exhibit enhanced susceptibility to bacterial pathogens
ETS Bacterial Hrp proteins form a Type III secretion system (TTSS) that delivers effector proteins into plant cells Several Hrp proteins form a pilus through which effectors are translocated
Bacterial effectors have virulence functions avrRPM1 from Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola (Psm): Assayed on resistant (Col-O) and susceptible (Nd-O, Mt-0, Fe-1) Arabidopsis accessions
ETS: Function of bacterial Avrs/Type III effector proteins in plant cells AvrPtoB causes degradation of FLS2: Suggests that suppression of FLS2 is the virulence function of AvrPtoB
Receptor-ligand model for ETI Avrs are effectors plants recognise
ETI. Fungal R-Avr interaction: Cf-2 guards effector target Rcr3 Cf-2 mediated resistance requires the cysteine protease Rcr3 Avr2 is a cysteine protease inhibitor Mutations in in Rcr3 abolish Cf-2-dependent recognition of Avr2
ETI: R-Avr interaction initiates signalling, including synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that leads to programmed cell death
Created by: reub8n
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