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Physiology Week 7-13

Nightingale Physiology Weeks 7-13

QuestionAnswer
An action potential can be initiated in with a strong stimulus during what period? Relative refractory period
How many times faster can the fastest nerve fibers conduct an impulse than the slowest nerve fibers in the body? about 300 times faster
Movement of the membrane potential away from zero (below the usual RMP) is called? Hyperpolarization
How does a dually innervated autonomic effector differ from a singly innervated autonomic effector? Dual innervation: Receives input form both sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways Single innervation: Receives input from sympathetic pathways only
Why do sympathetic responses generally have widespread effects on the body? preganglionic fibers synapse with several postsynaptic fibers
What happens with a healthy tap on the knee? stretching of the tendon, the quadriceps femoris, and stimulation of muscle spindles
What does the reticular activating system maintain? consciousness
In the endocrine system, do chemical messengers travel a short distance or a long distance? long distance
After blood leave the lungs and returns to the heart, where does it enter? the left atrium
What is a powerful poison that acts directly on a cell and kills it? lymphotoxin
Fluid that is clear, watery, and contains protein molecules, salts, and other substances? intercellular fluid
What is an obstructive lung disorder that is characterized by recurring spasms of the smooth muscles of the walls of bronchial air passages? Asthma
What is formed in the final step in lipid transport by the intestines? Chylomicrons
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