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Chapter 8

TermDefinition
Solid closely packed particles cause matter to have a definite shape and definite volume
Liquid particles are free to move so a liquid has a definite volume but no definite shape
Gas particles are able to move and spread out filling all space available, thus gases have no definite shape or definite volume
Pressure gas particles constantly collide with one another and the walls of their container. Pressure is the outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. Pressure= Force/Area.
Temperature the higher the temperature the faster particles moving.
Melting When a solid changes to a liquid
Melting point the temperature at which a substance melts
Freezing When a liquid changes to a solid
Freezing point the temperature when a substance freezes
Vaporization When a liquid changes to a gas
Condensation When a gas changes to a liquid.
Sublimation When a substance changes straight from a solid to a gas.
Evaporation takes place only on the surface of the liquid.
Boiling When vaporization occurs both below the and at the surface.
Boiling Point Temperature at which a liquid boils.
Crystalline solids particles form a regular repeating pattern called crystals. Example: salt, sugar, and snow.
Amorphous solids particles not arranged in a repeating pattern. Example: Glass, plastic, and rubber.
Surface Tension An inward force, or pull among the molecules in a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together.
Viscosity A liquid's resistance to flowing. Example: Honey has a high viscosity.
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