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NH- E&V
Natural Hazards - Earthquakes and Volcanoes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| volcano | a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface |
| magma | the molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle |
| lava | liquid magma that reaches the surface |
| Ring of Fire | a major belt of volcanoes that circles the Pacific ocean |
| hot spot | an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it, far from a fault line |
| crater | A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening |
| active | A volcano that is erupting or showing signs of erupting soon |
| dormant | A volcano that does not show signs of erupting in the near future |
| earthquake | The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface |
| stress | A force that acts on a rock to change its shape or size |
| fault | a break in the Earth's crust where slabs of rock slip past each other |
| seismic waves | vibrations that travel through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake |
| seismograph | A device that records ground movements caused by seismic waves as they move through Earth |
| magnitude | The measurement of an earthquake's strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults |
| epicenter | The point on Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake happened |
| focus | The EXACT spot in the earth's crust where an earthquake occurs |
| tsunami | A large wave produced by an earthquake on the ocean floor |
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