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Weather

QuestionAnswer
latitude angular distance north or south from the earth's equator measured through 90 degrees
longitude angular distance measured on a great circle of reference from the intersection of the adopted zero meridian with this reference circle to the similar intersection of the meridian passing through the object
hemisphere half of a spherical or roughly spherical body (such as a planet)
atmosphere the whole mass of air surrounding the earth
weather the state of the atmosphere with respect to heat or cold, wetness or dryness, calm or storm, clearness or cloudiness
climate the average course or condition of the weather at a place usually over a period of years as exhibited by temperature, wind velocity, and precipitation
polar of or relating to a geographic pole or the region around it
Continental of, relating to, or characteristic of a continent
maritime of, relating to, or bordering on the sea
Clouds a visible mass of particles of condensed vapor (such as water or ice) suspended in the atmosphere of a planet (such as the earth) or moon
condensation a chemical reaction involving union between molecules often with elimination of a simple molecule (such as water) to form a new more complex compound of often greater molecular weight
cirrus clouds short, detached, hair-like clouds found at high altitudes
hygrometer any of several instruments for measuring the humidity of the atmosphere
Map a representation usually on a flat surface of the whole or a part of an area
globe something spherical or rounded
Cumulonimbus (storm clouds) cumulus cloud having a low base and often spread out in the shape of an anvil extending to great heights
Cirrocumulus a high-altitude cloud form consisting of small white rounded masses usually in regular groupings
Stratocumulus stratified low cumulus consisting of large balls or rolls of dark cloud which often cover the whole sky especially in winter
Cirrostratus a fairly uniform high thin cloud layer darker than cirrus and often covering the entire sky
Nimbostratus (steady rain) a low dark layer of gray cloud usually producing light continuous rain or snow
Rain water falling in drops condensed from vapor in the atmosphere
freezing rain rain that freezes upon contact with a surface (such as the ground)
sleet rain that freezes or partly freezes as it falls from the sky
snow precipitation in the form of small white ice crystals formed directly from the water vapor of the air at a temperature of less than 32°F (0°C)
Hail precipitation in the form of small balls or lumps usually consisting of concentric layers of clear ice and compact snow
Rain Gauge an instrument for measuring the quantity of precipitation
Wind a natural movement of air of any velocity
Anemometer an instrument for measuring and indicating the force or speed and sometimes direction of the wind
wind vain an instrument that measures the direction from which the wind is blowing
Crayola's effect the apparent deflection of a moving object that is the result of the Coriolis force
Trade winds a wind blowing almost continually toward the equator from the northeast in the belt between the northern horse latitudes and the doldrums and from the southeast in the belt between the southern horse latitudes and the doldrums —usually used in plural
prevailing Westerlies the average or normal westerly winds of the middle latitudes
polar Easterlies form when the atmosphere over the poles cools
land breezes a breeze blowing usually at night toward the sea from the more rapidly cooling land
sea breezes a cooling breeze blowing generally in the daytime inland from the sea
Air pressure : the pressure within a container due to the compression of atmospheric gases
Barometer : an instrument for determining the pressure of the atmosphere and hence for assisting in forecasting weather and for determining altitude
low pressure : having, exerting, or operating under a relatively small pressure
high pressure having or involving a high or comparatively high pressure especially greatly exceeding that of the atmosphere
cold front an advancing edge of a cold air mass
warm front an advancing edge of a warm air mass
stationary front the boundary between two air masses neither of which is replacing the other
air mass a body of air extending hundreds or thousands of miles horizontally and sometimes as high as the stratosphere and maintaining as it travels nearly uniform conditions of temperature and humidity at any given level
El Nino an irregularly recurring flow of unusually warm surface waters from the Pacific Ocean toward and along the western coast of South America that prevents upwelling of nutrient-rich cold deep water and that disrupts typical regional and global weather patter
Precipitation water that falls to the Earth’s surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
Evaporation the process of changing from a liquid to a gas
Jet stream a steady worldwide wind that blows from west to east high above Earth
Gulf stream a warm current that starts near the equator and moves from Florida all the way to Iceland
air mass a large “bubble” of air that has about the same temperature and humidity throughout it
La Nina/El Nino unusual warming or cooling of the seawater in the Pacific Ocean
Temperature the average speed of the particles in a substance
Humidity water vapor in the air
Thermometer a tool that measures temperature
front a place where one air mass meets and pushes aside another air mass
Hurricane a very large and violent tropical storm
Created by: Mkiser
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