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MUSI1120
MUSI1120 Final Exam Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| world music | (1) learned aurally (2) passed down through generations (3) gives a social commentary on the people/culture it came from |
| art music | (1) performed by classically trained musicians (2) listened to actively (3) written based on an understanding of music theory |
| popular music | (1) listened to passively (2) made for mass distribution (3) produced by people with little/no musical training |
| harmony | sounding of two pitches at the same time; supports and serves the melody |
| rhythm | pattern of stronger/weaker pulses and longer/shorter durations in music |
| melody | main tune of a piece or song; higher in frequency and volume |
| phrase | musical sentence with a clear beginning, middle, and end |
| cadence | resting place in music; end of a phrase |
| conjunct | melody that is smooth and has few large leaps; easy to sing with |
| disjunct | melody that contains many large leaps; hard to sing with |
| gregorian chant | single voice, monophonic, no regular meter, hear word of God |
| organum | polyphonic, religious, performed in Cathedrals, hear word of God |
| monophony | single melodic line with no other accompaniment |
| polyphony | multiple melodies sounding simultaneously; all equally important |
| syllabic singing | music with 1-2 notes per syllable; words pass fast |
| melismatic singing | music with many notes per syllable; words pass slow |
| Hildengard of Bingen | nun, poet, musician; gregorian chant |
| renaissance | (1) "rebirth" (2) interest in intellectual pursuits and classical antiquity |
| homophony | one main melody is supported by simpler harmonies |
| high music | religious music, unaccompanied vocal, polyphonic |
| common music | secular music, vocal and instruments, polyphonic and homophonic |
| humanism | renaissance era; belief that people are strong, intelligent, and in charge of their own lives |
| word painting | depicting the text in a literal music gesture |
| Josquin Desprez | Sistine Chapel, high music, motets; same time as Michelangelo |
| Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina | proved music should still be taught in Roman Catholic Church; wrote the mass for Pope Marcelli |
| baroque | originally derogatory, as it meant irregularly shaped pearl |
| ornamentation | decorating music with trills and grace notes |
| opera | most significant genre; staged drama set to music where every word is sung |
| recitative | musically-heightened speech that advances action quickly |
| aria | more emotional and expressive speech; melismatic and expresses feelings |
| concerto | work for solo instrument and large ensemble |
| sonata | work for solo instrument and 1-2 accompanying instrument |
| oratorio | a religious opera-like production that lacked staging and operatic acting |
| Claudio Monteverdi | opera guy; polyphony and harmony experiments |
| J.S. Bach | father of western art music; experimented with harmony and chord progression |
| Antonio Vivalidi | the Red Priest; worked at an orphanage; experimented with harmonic contrasts and new rhythms |
| G.F. Handel | oratorio; his music never went out of style |
| sonata-allegro form | exposition (tonic) -> development (dominant) -> recapitulation (tonic) |
| the enlightenment | the age of reason; intellectual and philosophical excellence with scientific exploration |
| symphony | 4 movement composition for orchestra; there was now a middle class that could attend these preformances |
| string quartet | 4 string instrument group |
| tonic-donimant | (1) most important (2) second important (3) return home |
| C.P.E. Bach | father of classical era; thumbs on harpsichord; transitional artist; harmony and chord progression |
| C.W. Gluck | new operative style; influential composition teacher |
| Franz Joseph Haydn | father of symphony and string quartet; chamber music |
| W.A. Mozart | child prodigy; most well-rounded; universally appealing |
| chromaticism | borrowing nots and using them to add complexity |
| virtuoso | incredible technical skill on a musical instrument |
| comedic/light opera | light-hearted style of opera with pleasant subject manner, comedy, and happy endings |
| art song | solo voice and piano; further enhance emotions in the text of a poem |
| symphonic poem | single-movement work for orchestra that evokes a poem/story/art |
| program music | instrumental music that evokes feelings of any art; umbrella term |
| L.V. Beethoven | brilliant but frustrated; catapult into Romantic era; deaf; had an early, middle, and late stage of his career |
| Gioachinno Rossini | lazy; most famous of his time; comedic opera; rossini crescendo; accessible; golden age of opera |
| Franz Schubert | undisciplined; art songs and song cycle; posthumous fame |
| middle ages dates | 476 to c. 1450 |
| renaissance dates | c. 1450 to c. 1600 |
| baroque dates | c. 1600 to c. 1750 |
| classical dates | c. 1750 to c. 1820 |
| romantic dates | c. 1820 to 1914 |
| impressionist dates | c. 1880 to c. 1920 |
| modern dates | c. 1900 to c. 1985 |
| postmodern dates | c. 1945 to present |
| american music/jazz dates | c. 1860 to c. 1960 |
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haileyjordan
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