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Weather

TermDefinition
condensation the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water
cloud a mass of tiny water drops or ice crystals that floats in the air above Earth
hygrometer instrument used in meteorological science to measure the humidity, or amount of water vapor in the air
map A representation of a region of three-dimensional space, such as of the Earth or a part of the universe, usually on a two-dimensional plane surface
globe a three-dimensional scale model of the Earth or other round body
latitude the measurement of distance north or south of the Equator
longitude measures distance east or west of the prime meridian
hemisphere One half of a sphere, formed by a plane that passes through the center of the sphere
weather the state of the atmosphere at a given time and place, with respect to variables such as temperature, moisture, wind speed and direction, and barometric pressure.
climate the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area.
atmosphere The atmosphere is a layer of gas and suspended solids extending from the Earth's surface up many thousands of miles, becoming increasingly thinner with distance but always held by the Earth's gravitational pull.
cirrus A genus of high cloud made of ice crystals
cumulus Detached, individual, cauliflower-shaped clouds usually spotted in fair weather conditions
stratus Lat, hazy, featureless clouds at low altitudes varying in color from dark gray to nearly white
nimbus/nimbo The type of dense clouds or cloud mass with ragged edges, that yields rain or snow
cumulonimbus A cumulus cloud of great vertical extent, the top often forming an anvil shape and the bottom being dark colored, indicating rain or hail
land breeze a local wind system characterized by a flow from land to water late at night
sea breeze a local wind system characterized by a flow from sea to land during the day
precipitation any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to Earth
evaporation the process that changes liquid water to gaseous water (water vapor
condensation the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water
jet stream relatively narrow bands of strong wind in the upper levels of the atmosphere
gulf stream a small part of something called the 'thermohaline circulation' or 'Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
air mass a large body of air with generally uniform temperature and humidity
La Nina the periodic cooling of ocean surface temperatures in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific.
temperature degree of hotness or coldness measured by a thermometer with a numerical scale
air pressure the force exerted on a surface by the air above it as gravity pulls it to Earth
humidity the amount of water vapor in the air
thermometer An instrument for measuring temperature
barometer a scientific instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure
anemometer an instrument that measures wind speed and wind pressure
wind vane an instrument that measures the direction from which the wind is blowing
rain gauge a meteorological instrument to measure the precipitating rain in a given amount of time per unit area
front a weather system that is the boundary separating two different types of air
hurricane a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour or more
rain liquid precipitation: water falling from the sky.
freezing rain occurs when the layer of freezing air is so thin that the raindrops do not have enough time to freeze before reaching the ground
sleet pellets of ice that fall as a form of precipitation
snow an accumulation of packed ice crystals,
hail a form of precipitation consisting of solid ice that forms inside thunderstorm updrafts
land breeze The denser cool air over the land is flowing offshore to replenish the buoyant warm air
sea breeze A local wind system characterized by a flow from sea to land during the day
global winds winds that occur in belts that go all around the planet
prevailing westerlies Prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude
jet stream A fast, narrow current of air flowing from west to east that encircles the globe
high pressure pressures of thousands (kilobars) or millions (megabars) of times atmospheric pressure (about 1 bar or 100,000 Pa)
low pressure lower pressure at its center than the areas around it
warm front the boundary between a mass of warm air and a retreating mass of cold air
cold front forms when a cold air mass pushes into a warmer air mass
map A representation of a region of three-dimensional space, such as of the Earth or a part of the universe, usually on a two-dimensional plane surface.
Created by: 5275435142
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