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weather
and climate change
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| map | A representation of a region of three-dimensional space, such as of the Earth or a part of the universe, usually on a two-dimensional plane surface. |
| globe | A globe is a spherical model of Earth, of some other celestial body, or of the celestial sphere. |
| latitude | Latitude is the measurement of distance north or south of the Equator. |
| longitude | Longitude measures distance east or west of the prime meridian. |
| hemisphere | One half of a sphere, formed by a plane that passes through the center of the sphere. |
| weather | Weather is the state of the atmosphere, including temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, and cloud cover. |
| climate | Climate is the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area. |
| atmosphere | An atmosphere is made of the layers of gases surrounding a planet or other celestial body. |
| cirrus | Cirrus clouds are made of ice crystals and look like long, thin, wispy white streamers high in the sky. |
| cumulus | Cumulus clouds are detached, individual, cauliflower-shaped clouds usually spotted in fair weather conditions. |
| stratus | Stratus clouds are low-level layers with a fairly uniform grey or white color. |
| nimbus | Nimbus refers to rain clouds, or clouds that carry significant amounts of precipitation such as cumulonimbus. |
| cumulonimbus | Cumulonimbus clouds are menacing looking multi-level clouds, extending high into the sky in towers or plumes. |
| land breeze | a local wind system characterized by a flow from land to water late at night. |
| sea breeze | The sea breeze circulation is composed of two opposing flows, one at the surface (called the sea breeze) and one aloft (which is a return flow) |
| precipitation | Precipitation is water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail. |
| evaporation | when a liquid turns into a gas through the suns heat |
| condensation | changing a gas to a liquid |
| jet stream | The jet stream is a fast, narrow current of air flowing from west to east that encircles the globe |
| gulf stream | This is a large, global-scale ocean conveyor belt driven by differences in temperature and salt content – the water's density. |
| air mass | An air mass is a large body of air with generally uniform temperature and humidity. |
| La Nina/El Nino | La Niña refers to the periodic cooling of sea-surface temperatures across the east-central equatorial Pacific. |
| Temperature | the average speed of the particles in a substance |
| air pressure | the weight of the air pushing on everything around it. |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the air |
| thermometer | a tool used to check temperature. |
| barometer | a weather instrument that measures air pressure |
| anemometer | a tool used to check wind speed |
| wind vane | a weather instrument that shows the direction the wind is coming in. |
| rain gauge | a tool used to measure rainfall. |
| front | a place where one air mass meets and pushes away another air mass. |
| hurricane | a very large and violent tropical storm. |
| hygrometer | a tool used to measure the amount of water vapor in the air |
| cloud | a collection of millions of tiny water droplets in the air. |
| sleet | pellets of ice that fall as a form of precipitation. |
| high pressure | A high pressure system has higher pressure at its center than the areas around it. |
| low pressure | Low-pressure areas are places where the atmosphere is relatively thin. |
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