Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology
Ecology and the Environment
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an ecosystem? | All the living and non-living components of a habitat and how they interact |
| What is a population? | All the organisms of a particular species found in a habitat at a specific time |
| What is a community? | The populations of all species in a particular habitat at a specific time |
| What is a species? | A group of organisms with similar characteristics which can interbreed to produce fertile offspring |
| What is a habitat? | The place where an organism lives |
| What is a niche? | The ‘role’ of an organism within its habitat |
| What are 5 examples of abiotic factors? | 1. Wind 2. Light 3. Temperature 4. Mineral content of soil 5. Space |
| What is biodiversity? | The variety of different species of organisms on Earth, or within an ecosystem |
| Why is it important to have high biodiversity? | Keeps ecosystems stable as different species depend on each other for: - Food and shelter - Maintaining right physical environment for each other (e.g. acidity of soil) |
| Give 4 resources animals compete for | 1. Food 2. Water 3. Mates 4. Territory |
| Give 4 resources plants compete for | 1. Water 2. Light 3. Space 4. Mineral ions |
| List the levels of organisation in an ecosystem from smallest to largest | Individual, population, community, habitat |
| What are 4 reasons a species could depend on another species (interdependence)? | 1. Shelter 2. Pollination 3. Seed dispersal 4. Food |
| What 3 factors affect the rate of growth of a population? | 1. Predation 2. Disease 3. Food supply |
| What are 3 biotic factors? | 1. Competition 2. Amount of disease 3. Availability of food |
| What is an abiotic factor? | A factor not influenced by living organisms (e.g. wind) |
| What is a biotic factor? | A factor determined by living organisms (e.g. predation) |
| Why are quadrats placed randomly when sampling? | to avoid bias |
| Why is it important to repeat the experiment when sampling with quadrats? | to reduce the impact of random variation and to make the experiment more reprasentative |
| Abundance refers to _________________________ | how many organisms there are |
| Distribution refers to __________________________ | where the organisms are |
| What do transects measure? | changes in species distribution |
| What do quadrats measure? | the abundance of a species |
| Explain what sampling means and why it is often used (2) | - Sampling means only counting a subset of the organisms in a habitat - This is done because it would be impossible, or very time consuming, to count all the organisms |
| What do food chains always start with? | A producer (e.g. a plant) |
| What 4 ways can organisms lose energy from their biomass? | 1. Movement 2. Heat 3. Undigested waste (faeces) 4. Making waste products (e.g. urine) |
| What does a pyramid of energy show? | the total quantity of available energy stored in the biomass of organisms at each level |
| As energy gets passed up different levels, ____________________ | most of it gets lost |
| Finish the order: Producer, _______________, ______________, ____________ | primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer |
| What is a herbivore? | a primary consumer animal that gets its energy from eating plants |
| What is a carnivore? | secondary and tertiary consumers that get their energy from eating other animals |
| What is a consumer? | any organism that gets its energy from feeding on other organisms |
| How does a food web represent a community? (2) | - it shows a group of populations living in an area - it shows how the organisms are interacting/interdependent |
| Producers turn light into ________________ | chemical energy |
| True or false? Animals can be at multiple levels on a food web | true |
| What does the arrow show in a food chain? | the transfer of energy from one organism to the next |
| What breaks down dead or waste organic material? | decomposers |
| What are the two advantages of a food web? | More realistic representation, show interdependence |
| All energy in biological systems comes first from the ______ | sun |
| What is an omnivore? | an organism that eats both plants and animals |
| What is a decomposer? | An organism that breaks down dead organisms |
| Name two types of decomposers | bacteria, fungi |
| Describe how acid rain occurs | 1) burning fossil fuels releases harmful gases (e.g. sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides) 2) gas mixes with rain clouds, forming dilute sulfuric acid 3) this then falls as acid rain |
| What are the main causes of acid rain? | internal combustion engines in cars and power stations |
| How does acid rain affect lakes? | it makes the lake more acidic. Many plants and animals can't survive the change in pH and will die |
| How does acid rain affect trees? | acid damages leaves and releases toxic substances from the soil, making it hard for trees to take up nutrients |
| Explain how carbon monoxide is harmful | - it's a poisonous gas - combines with haemoglobin in red blood cells - prevents them from carrying oxygen |
| What is eutrophication? | the outcome of excessive fertiliser entering watercourses from the land |
| Explain how eutrophication is caused by sewage | 1 Sewage enters water, adding extra nitrates and phosphates 2 nutrients cause algae to grow and block out light 3 Plants can't photosynthesise 4 Microorganisms feeding on dead plants increase and deplete oxygen in water 5 Organisms needing oxygen die |
Created by:
JoeMather
Popular Biology sets