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The Heart

Blood Vessels, Structure of the Heart, Heartbeat & Blood Pressure

TermDefinition
Arteries (2 Facts) Carry blood AWAY from heart Thick middle layer
Arterioles Small arteries that travel to capillaries
Contraction (2 Facts) Squeezing of artery (constriction) INCREASES blood pressure
Relaxation (2 Facts) Relaxing of artery (NO constriction) DECREASES blood pressure
Capillaries (3 Facts) Extremely narrow. (1 cell thick) Network together to form BEDS Exchange of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide & Nutrients
Venules (2 Facts) Join to arterioles through capillary beds OR Join directly through arteriovenus shunts
Sphincter Small muscle able to contract and close a narrow opening
Veins (4 Facts) RETURN blood to the heart Thinner wall than an artery (Can easily expand in size) Generally have VALVES to PREVENT backflow Contain carbon dioxide and WASTES
Myocardium Muscular tissue of the heart
Pericardium Thick membrane sac the heart sits inside
Superior Vena Cana Attached on top right side of heart ARRIVAL point of deoxygenated blood from HEAD to heart
Right Atrium (3 Facts) First entry chamber of the heart Received deoxygenated blood Thin walled
Right Ventricle (2 Facts) First EXCHANGE chamber of the heart Thick walled
Aorta (3 Facts) Located at top of heart Largest ARTERY that travels OUT of the heart Delivers oxygenated blood to body THICK
Pulmonary Trunk Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to LUNGS
Left Atrium Final chamber before blood flows out of heart Thin walled
Left Ventricle Second EXCHANGE chamber of the heart Thick walled
Apex Exterior bottom end/tip of heart
Septum The wall that separates the right and left side of heart
Atrioventricular Valves (6 Facts) Two types - Tricuspid (Right side, 3 flaps) - MITRAL/Bicuspid (Left side, 2 flaps) Prevent INVERTING blood flow in heart
Chordae Tendinea A fibrous strand attached to PAPPILLARY muscles on ventricle walls
Semilunar Valves (6 Facts) Two types, located between ventricles - Pulmonary: between right ventricle & pulmonary trunk - Hortic: between left ventricle & aorta
Vena Cava (6 Facts) Two large veins in the body - Superior: Blood from HEAD to heart - Inferior: Blood from lower BODY to heart
Inferior Vena Cava Attached on bottom right side of heart ARRIVAL point of deoxygenated blood from lower BODY to heart
Created by: vindelago
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