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Micro test 2
Bacterial growth requirements
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is media | substance used to grow bacteria. |
| what are 4 basic ingredients in media | water, Nacl, peptones for N to make into amino acids, buffers, indicators, selective agent, enrichment |
| what ingredient converts liquid to solid medium | agar-thickening agent-marine algee. remains solid at 98.6 |
| selective media | uses dyes, antibiotics, and others. inhibits growth of certain orgs and permits growth of others. used for fecal,urin, sputumn and bacteria normally present inhibited so pathogens if present can be seen. |
| differential media | uses dyes, indcators others. gives colonys of a particular org a distinct and easily recanized appearance exp: E coli looks meltallic |
| enrichment media | contains complex materials that certain orgs must have to grow exp:blood |
| all purpose or nutrutive | typic soy broth, grows a wide # of bacteria but not all |
| Inoculate/inoculum | Verb-to transfer Noun-material that is transfered |
| bacterial colony | macroscopic growth on soild culture medium, developing from a single bacterium |
| streak plate method | streaking material across the agar surface to obtain isolated colonys. a pure culturecan be made from a mixed culture |
| pure culture | single species or kind of bacteria. lab studies done on a single species of orgs |
| fastidious | difficult too grow require excess care |
| crystal violet | primary stain applied 1st |
| iodine | mordant 2nd |
| acetone/alcohol | de-colorizer 3rd |
| safranin | counter stain 4th |
| what color is gram positive | purple-resist de-colorizer keeps primary stain |
| what color is gram negative | red-eaisly de-colorized takes up counter stain |
| what do the first and second name of microbes denote | 1st-genus 2nd-species |
| how are the first and second names written | Genus capitalized species lowercase, if abbreved 1st letter of genus is capitalized followed by a period |
| what are characteristics that bacterial cells have in common | rigid cell wall, motility, unicellular 1 cell, reproduction by binary fusion split into 2 every 20 min, both DNA & RNA |
| what shape are cocci | round |
| what shape are bacilli | rod-shaped |
| what shape are spirilla | spiral shaped |
| what are possible arrangements of cocci | diplo-pairs, chains, packets, clusters, single |
| what are possible arrangements of bacilli | chains or single |
| cell wall | varies in composition accounts for different stain reactions rigid maintains shape, gives some protection |
| plasma membrane | regulates passage of material in and out of cells |
| nucleoid | area that stores genetic material |
| capsule | sticky or gummy envelope, secreated by some bacteria, protects against phagocytosis of WBC mucoied growth on agar associated with virulence |
| flagella | aids in locomotion, propels the cell |
| spore/endospore | thicken wall ovaled body, resistant to adverse conditions, heat, disinfectants, boiling don't gram stain |
| aerobe | qill grow in the presence of free O2 in the air |
| anaerobe | CANNOT grow in the presence of free O2, H2O+NO3 |
| facultative anaerobe | basically an aerobe, but can grow in the absence of free o2 |
| obliagte anaerobe | can grow in the complete absence of free o2 |
| what Ph is best for bacterial growth | ph 7 tolerates a narrow range 6-8 |
| how does bacterial growth limit itself | exhaust food and o2 supply produce acid products that inhibit their own growths |
| what is binary fission | asexual process, each orgs splits into 2 cells, division gives arrangement |
| what is the best time to use bacterial cultures for lab studies | 18-24 hrs at their best |
| what are exotoxins | poisons that diffuse from bacteria cell into surrounding tissues |
| what is the gram reaction of bacteria that produce exotoxins | gram positive diptheria, tetnus, gangren |
| what are endotoxins | poisons that are bound to cell wall released when the cell is destroyed |
| what is the gram reaction of bacteria thay produce endotoxins | gran negative exp: typhoid, cholera |
Created by:
Buta610
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