Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Gr9 Bio Ch2 Enzymes
Bio Ch2.5 Enzymes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Breaking apart Big Molecules | Used to obtain raw materials (building blocks). RELEASE energy (ATP). Hydrolysis. |
| Hydrolysis | Process of adding water to break down large molecules into small molecules, releasing energy (ATP) |
| Building Big Molecules | Used to build cells & bodies: repair, growth, reproduction. NEED energy (ATP). Dehydration Synthesis. |
| Dehydration Synthesis | Process of using energy to combine small molecules to form a bigger molecule with the loss of water. |
| ACTIVATION ENERGY | Energy needed to start a reaction. |
| CATALYSTS | Chemicals that lower the activation energy. This speeds up the reaction |
| ENZYME | A “helper” protein molecule. Each enzyme is the specific helper for one reaction. |
| Enzyme function | Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for the chemical reaction to occur. Allow cell reactions to take place at body temp. |
| Enzyme shape | Each enzyme needs to be the right shape for the job Enzymes are named for the reaction they help |
| sucrase enzyme | breaks down sucrose |
| proteases enzyme | breaks down proteins |
| lipases enzyme | breaks down lipids |
| SUBSTRATE | Molecule that enzymes work on |
| ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX | enzyme & molecule temporarily joined |
| ACTIVE SITE | The part of an enzyme that substrate attaches to. |
| Enzyme use in reactions | Enzymes are not changed by a reaction. Reused again for the same reaction with other molecules. |
| Enzyme amount needed | Small amount of enzyme needed to help many reactions |
| Enzyme action - specific | Enzymes are specific. Only work on one substrate. |
| Enzyme action - conditions | Enzymes need optimal conditions: Temperature & pH |
| Enzymes and Temperature | Low temp: Molecules move slower, fewer collisions. High temp: Protein denatures (unfolds) = enzyme not functioning |
| Enzyme and optimum Temp | - greatest number of collisions between enzyme & substrate - for human enzymes = 35°- 40°C (body temp = 37°C) |
| Enzymes and pH | pH changes protein shape Most human enzymes have pH = 6-8; depends where in body |
| Enzymes and order of Amino Acids | Amino Acids in WRONG order = wrong shape = can’t do its job Amino Acids in RIGHT order = right shape = CAN do its job |
Created by:
user-1770281
Popular Biology sets