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322 Exam 3
322 Antibiotics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| glycopeptide side effect | red man's syndrome, ototoxicity |
| glycopeptide monitor | renal function, peak and trough |
| sulfonamide | inhibits folic acid synthesis |
| sulfanomaide avoided | during pregnancy to avoid congential malformations and neural tube defects |
| fluoroquinolone action | gram positive and gram negative |
| bacteriostatic | does not cause cell death, happens with low dose antibiotics |
| bactericidal | directly lethal, higher dose antibiotics |
| amino glycoside serum levels | monitored because of narrow therapeutic index; peak 1 hour after completed dose, trough 30 minutes prior to administration |
| penicillin | inhibits enzyme necessary for bacterial wall synthesis; lethal to bacteria undergoing active growth and division |
| penicillin life threatening side effects | anaphylaxis, angioedema, hemolytic anemia, steven johnson syndrome, hepatic damage |
| penicillin allergy treatment | IV epinephrine, steroids and antihistamine' also fluids and respiratory support |
| penicillin interventions | assess for bleeding with high doses, monitor temperature |
| glycopeptide | inhibits cell wall synthesis, only for gram positive - MRSA, C diff |
| black box fluroquinolone | tendonitis |
| fluoroquinolone teaching | monitor output and for crystalluria, wear sunglasses and sunblock |
| nitromidazole | metronidazole, lethal to anaerobic organisms only (GI tract) |
| nitromidazole side effects | dry mouth, metallic taste, headache and seizures, prolonged QT interval |
| nitromidazole interventions | do not drink alcohol while taking this and for 3 days after; notify if pregnant or plan on it |
| tetracycline | broad spectrum, used for acne |
| tetracycline side effects | discoloration or teeth, tongue and nails (permanent for children under 8), contraindicated in pregnancy |
| tetracycline administration | give with full glass of water on an empty stomach; 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals; avoid excessive sunlight |
| tetracycline effectiveness reduced by | dairy, antacids, iron products; makes oral contraceptive less effective |
| aminoglycoside | divided doses to ensure 24 hour coverage |
| amino glycoside side effects | ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity |
| sulfonamides increase levels | warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylureas |
Created by:
ahommel
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