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cells set 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| where are chromosomes found? | in the nucleus |
| what are chromosomes? | structures that contain the DNA of an organism |
| What is a gene? | A small section of DNA that codes for a specific protein |
| What is DNA? | A polymer that is made up of 2 strands that form a double helix |
| What are embryonic stem cells? | undifferentiated cells that have the potential to turn into any kind of cell |
| Where are adult stem cells found? | in the bone marrow |
| what are meristems? | Stem cells in plants found in growing areas, root tips or shoots. |
| What do meristems do? | produce clones of plants, quickly and economically. this can protect species from extinction and means large number of crops with special features can be grown e.g. with resistance to a certain type of disease |
| Arguments for stem cell therapy | cure patients with stem cells embryos in fertility clinics would normally be destroyed same genes as patient so stem cells not rejected |
| arguments against stem cell therapy | embryos are human life risk of transfer of viral infection |
| what is diffusion? | the spreading of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| what factors affect diffusion? | increased temperature increased surface area increased concentration gradient decrease distance across membrane |
| what is osmosis? | the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration |
| what is active transport? | the movement of substances against the concentration gradient. |
| What is needed for active transport? | the process requires energy from respiration e.g. absorption of minerals by root hairs or sugar from the gut |
| where does gas exchange take place? | the alveoli |
| describe the alveoli | large surface area, thin walls and a good blood supply |
| what do villi do? | line the small intestine to increase the surface area to absorb more digested food |
| describe the villi | single layer of cells with a good blood supply |
Created by:
Cabezablanca
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