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cells set 2

QuestionAnswer
where are chromosomes found? in the nucleus
what are chromosomes? structures that contain the DNA of an organism
What is a gene? A small section of DNA that codes for a specific protein
What is DNA? A polymer that is made up of 2 strands that form a double helix
What are embryonic stem cells? undifferentiated cells that have the potential to turn into any kind of cell
Where are adult stem cells found? in the bone marrow
what are meristems? Stem cells in plants found in growing areas, root tips or shoots.
What do meristems do? produce clones of plants, quickly and economically. this can protect species from extinction and means large number of crops with special features can be grown e.g. with resistance to a certain type of disease
Arguments for stem cell therapy cure patients with stem cells embryos in fertility clinics would normally be destroyed same genes as patient so stem cells not rejected
arguments against stem cell therapy embryos are human life risk of transfer of viral infection
what is diffusion? the spreading of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
what factors affect diffusion? increased temperature increased surface area increased concentration gradient decrease distance across membrane
what is osmosis? the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
what is active transport? the movement of substances against the concentration gradient.
What is needed for active transport? the process requires energy from respiration e.g. absorption of minerals by root hairs or sugar from the gut
where does gas exchange take place? the alveoli
describe the alveoli large surface area, thin walls and a good blood supply
what do villi do? line the small intestine to increase the surface area to absorb more digested food
describe the villi single layer of cells with a good blood supply
Created by: Cabezablanca
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