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Med/Surg Chapter 21
Assessment of Cardiovascular Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Homocysteine, an amino acid, is linked to the development of ______ because it can damage the endothelial lining of arteries and promote thrombus formation. | Atherosclerosis |
| Separates the right and left atria. | bicuspid valve |
| Located at the juncture of the superior vena cava and the right atrium. | sinoatrial node |
| Supports the heart in the mediastinum. | parietal pericardium |
| Sits between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. | pulmonic valve |
| Distributes venous blood to the lungs. | pulmonary artery |
| Embedded in the right atrial wall near the tricuspid valve. | atrioventricular node |
| A principal blood lipid. | cholesterol |
| A risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis that causes pulmonary damage. | smoking |
| The functional lesion of atherosclerosis. | atheroma |
| Biochemical substances, soluble in fat, that accumulate within a blood vessel. | lipids |
| A risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis that is endocrine in origin. | diabetes |
| A risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis associated with a type A personality. | stress |
| A risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis related to weight gain. | obesity |
| A recommended dietary restriction that is a risk factor for heart disease. | fat |
| A symptom of myocardial ischemia. | chest pain |
| Myocardial manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD). | arrhythmias |
| A lifestyle habit that is considered a modifiable risk factor for heart disease. | inactivity |
| Baseline blood pressure after the patient has rested for 10 minutes in a supine position. Which reading reflects a reduced pulse pressure? 140/90 mmHg 140/100 mmHg 140/110 mmHg 140/120 mmHg | 140/120 mmHg |
| A patient is diagnosed with pericarditis. Where is the inflammation located? thin fibrous sac encasing the heart inner lining of the heart and valves heart's muscle fibers exterior layer of the heart | thin fibrous sac encasing the heart |
| The nurse is assessing heart sounds in a patient with heart failure. An abnormal heart sound is detected early in diastole. How will the nurse document this finding? S1 S2 S3 S4 | S3 |
| Where will the nurse locate the apical pulse if the heart is in a normal position? Left second intercostal space at the midclavicular line Right third intercostal space at the midclavicular line Left fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line | Left fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line |
| A patient's heart rate is observed to be 140 bpm on the monitor. Which complication should the nurse closely monitor for? Myocardial ischemia Pulmonary embolism Right sided heart failure Stroke | Myocardial ischemia |
| The nurse is administering a beta-blocker to decrease automaticity. Which medication will be given? Diltiazem Metoprolol Amiodarone Propafenone | Metoprolol |
| A patient has a heart rate of 72 and regular rhythm. Where does the impulse arise from? AV node Purkinje fibers Sinoatrial node Ventricles | Sinoatrial node |
| Which phase does the nurse identify as the resting phase before the next depolarization on a ECG? Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 | Phase 4 |
| An ejection fraction of 35% on echocardiogram is usually associated with this condition? Pulmonary embolism Myocardial infarction Pericarditis Heart failure | Heart failure |
| Education for a patient at risk for atherosclerosis. Which is a nonmodifiable risk factor? Stress Obesity Positive family history Hyperlipidemia | Positive family history |
| The difference between the systolic and the diastolic pressure. | pulse pressure |
| A patient complains of feeling "lightheaded". When obtaining orthostatic vital signs, which does the nurse report to the health care provider? Heart rate 20 above the resting rate Unchanged systolic pressure Increase of 10 mmHg BP reading | Heart rate 20 above the resting rate |
| A nursing assistant obtains blood pressure with cuff that is too small. Which information would the nursing assistant need? Results will be falsely decreased Results will be falsely elevated Accurate reading Each reading will be different | Results will be falsely elevated |
| A menopausal woman asks a nurse about estrogen replacement for cardioprotective benefits. Best response? Great idea, could help prevent a MI Estrogen protects women after menopause Estrogen is actually potentially harmful & is no longer recommended | Estrogen is actually potentially harmful & is no longer recommended |
| A patient straining to have a BM felt lightheaded and pulse was slow. Which best describes the occurrence? Myocardial infarction Vagal response Anxiety about being constipated Abdominal aortic aneurysm | Vagal response |
Created by:
mcnabb
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