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Gr9 Bio Matter

old 2.1 Matter, Energy

TermDefinition
Matter • anything that takes up space and has mass • composed of atoms
Law of Conservation of Matter Matter may change from one form to another, but the same number of atoms exist before and after the change During a chemical reaction, matter cannot be created or destroyed.
Energy The capacity to do work: - to cause change - to cause heat flow - to rearrange a collection of matter
Law of Conservation of Energy Energy can change from one form to another, but the total amount of energy never changes
Atoms the building blocks of elements and compounds
What are atoms made up of? protons, neutrons, and electrons
What are the charges of subatomic particles? Proton: positive charge + Electron: negative charge - Neutron: no charge
What is the structure of an atom? Nucleus is in the center of an atom. Electron Cloud surrounds the nucleus.
What is a Nucleus made up of? protons and neutrons
What is the Electron Cloud? It contains electrons in energy levels When an outer energy level is full, the atom is stable.
Compound substance formed from two or more elements chemically combined
How do compounds form? Atoms form chemical bonds (compounds) by sharing, losing, or gaining electrons.
Ionic Bond Formed when electrons are gained and lost. Electrons are transferred from one atom to another Example: NaCl (Salt) Sodium Chloride
Ion Positively and negatively charged atoms
Covalent Bond Formed when atoms share electrons. Examples: CO2 (carbon dioxide) and C6H12O6 (glucose)
Chemical Formula Represents the number and type of atoms in a compound. Examples: NaCl - sodium chloride (salt) one Sodium atom and one Chlorine atom C6H12O6 - glucose has 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms
What is a Structural Formula? A chemical formula that shows how the atoms in a compound are bonded to one another.
What is an Element? An Element is a substance made of ONLY ONE type of atom Ex: Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Hydrogen *H)
Created by: user-1770281
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