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Fund - Module 9
Fundamentals Exam 3 - Urinary Elimination
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the average urinary output? | 1500-2000 mL/day |
| how many mL/hour is a cause for concern? | less than 30 mL/hour for more than 2 hours |
| what is the role of the kidneys in urinary elimination? | filter and excrete blood constituents not needed and retain those that are needed |
| ureters | transport urine from kidneys to bladder |
| internal sphincter | guards opening between bladder and urethra |
| urethra | transports urine from bladder to exterior of body |
| what is the length of a female urethra? | 1.5-2.5 in |
| what is the length of a male urethra? | 5.5-6.25 in |
| external sphincter | controls retention and release of urine from urethra |
| how many mL can the bladder hold until there is a desire to void? | 150-250 mL |
| what is unique about the first voided urine of the day? | it is usually more concentrated than other urine excreted |
| anuria | absence of urine output typically found during kidney failure; less than 50 mL over a 24 hour period |
| dysuria | painful or difficult urination |
| frequency | the need to urinate several times in normal or less than normal volumes; usually accompanied by feeling of urgency |
| hematuria | blood in the urine |
| oliguria | decreased urine output; less than 500 mL of urine in a 24 hour period or less than 0.5 mL/kg/hour for adults and children |
| nocturne | the need to get up at night on a regular basis to urinate |
| polyuria | greater than 2.5 L of urine over 24 hours; urine typically clear with no color |
| pysuria | at least 10 WBC per cubic millimeter of urine, indicating infection; pus may be visible in urine |
| urgency | a sensation of an urgent need to void, can cause urge incontinence |