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science
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which scientist came to the conclusion that all life came from eggs? (Omnia ex ovo) | William Harvey |
| Which of the following describes an organism's response to an internal stimulus? | A plant wilts due to lack of water in its cells. |
| Which is true about work? | Work takes place when force is applied to an object, and the object moves in the direction of the force. |
| What is the Law of Conservation of Mass? | Matter can change form during physical and chemical changes, but no mass is ever lost. |
| What is force? | a push or a pull |
| What is friction? | a force that resists motion when two surfaces rub together |
| A plant wilts because of lack of water in its cells. | Internal |
| When an organism shows a tendency to respond to stimuli in order to maintain a stable internal environment, it shows ___________. | homeostasis |
| In a living organism, cells are organized into _____, which are organized into organs, which are part of organ systems. | tissues |
| Thermal energy | amount of kinetic energy of the atoms in an object |
| What is the percentage of energy that is passed from level to level in a food pyramid? | 10% |
| Organic means: | Is mainly found in living things, and it contains carbon |
| An _____________ is a type of consumer that can eat both plants and animals. | omnivore |
| Herbivores are: | the first consumers, organisms that obtain energy directly from producers, or plants, and organisms that eat plants and pass them on to the secondary consumers |
| What was Carl Woese's contribution to the classification system? | He defined a new kingdom, archaea and proposed the addition of three domains at the top level. |
| What are producers in a food chain? | the first organisms in a food chain, organisms that do not rely on other organisms for food, and organisms that are able to make food by means of photosynthesis |
| In the 1600s, scientist ____________, began a classification system. He first used the word "species" in describing plants and published many works on classifying plants. | John Ray |
| What is temperature? | measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of an object |
| potential energy | stored energy because of position |
| What is a food web? | shows the connection between many different food chains |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| What is an energy pyramid? | a level indicates a decrease in available energy, a model that shows the transfer of energy from producers to different types of consumers, and usually has three or four levels of organisms. |
| The Law of conservation of energy states: | Energy cannot be created or destroyed. |
| What does the Law of Biogenesis state? | Life comes from other life. |
| What is a chemical change? | one that changes the chemical composition of the substance, and when the change cannot be reversed, meaning that the new substance cannot be changed back to what it was before the change occurred |
| What is inertia? | the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
| A gazelle's heart starts pounding because it feels threatened by a predator, and it prepares to run away. | External |
| Who is the Danish botanist that published the book The System of Nature, containing a system of classification for all living things? | Carolus Linnaeus |
| How does energy transformation happen in photosynthesis? | As plants absorb radiant energy from the sun, the energy is transformed into chemical energy that is stored in bonds between atoms in carbohydrates (sugar) so that the plant can nourish itself and other organisms. |
| Who classified living things according to where they lived - water, air, land? | Aristotle |
| What is mechanical advantage? | occurs when the force a person applies is multiplied by using a machine |
| Which is a method for nitrogen fixation? | through bacteria, through bacteria in the soil, and through lightning |
| What is the more specific and narrow category in a taxonomy of living organisms? | species |
| Chemical energy | energy stored in bonds between atoms in a compound |
| A person becomes ill and vomits. | Internal |
| What describes an organism's response to an external stimulus? | A rabbit's heartbeat increases when it senses danger. |
| Decomposers bring the food chain to a full circle by ____________________. | breaking down dead organisms into material that is absorbed into the soil |
| What is heat? | transfer of thermal energy from one object to another or from an object to its surroundings |
| Which type of consumer feeds on dead and decaying organic matter? | decomposer |
| What is biomass? | the organic matter in organisms which can be broken down and used as energy |
| Which scientist finally disproved the idea of spontaneous generation? | Louis Pasteur |
| What is a physical change? | An example is wood from a tree that has been carved into a sculpture, and one that changes the form, state, or appearance of matter but does not alter its chemical composition |
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