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Audesirk Ch27
Virginia Tech Biology Lipscomb
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aggressive mimicry | the evolution of a predatory organism to resemble a harmless animal or part of the environment, thus gaining access to prey. |
| biome | a terrestrial ecosystem that occupies an extensive geographical area and is characterized by a specific type of plant community; for example, deserts. |
| camouflage | coloration and/or shape that renders an organism inconspicuous in its environment |
| climax community | a diverse and relatively stable community that forms the endpoint of succession |
| co-evolution | the evolution of adaptations in two species due to their extensive interactions with one another, such that each species acts as a major force of natural selection on the other |
| commensalism | a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits while another species is neither harmed nor benefited |
| community | all the interacting populations within an ecosystem |
| competition | interaction among individuals who attempt to utilize a resource (for example, food or space) that is limited relative to the demand for it |
| competitive exclusive principle | the concept that no two species can simultaneously and continuously occupy the same ecological niche |
| disturbance | any event that disrupts the ecosystem by altering its community, its abiotic structure, or both; disturbance precedes succession |
| ecological niche | the role of a particular species within an ecosystem, including all aspects of its interaction with the living and nonliving environments |
| herbivore | literally, “plant-eater”; an organism that feeds directly and exclusively on producers; a primary consumer. |
| interspecific competition | competition among individuals of different species |
| intertidal zone | an area of the ocean shore that is alternately covered and exposed by the tides |
| intraspecific competition | competition among individuals of the same species |
| invasive species | organisms with a high biotic potential that are introduced (deliberately or accidentally) into ecosystems where they did not evolve and where they encounter little environmental resistance and tend to displace native species. |
| keystone species | a species whose influence on community structure is greater than its abundance would suggest |
| mimicry | the situation in which a species has evolved to resemble something else–typically another type of organism. |
| mutualism | a symbiotic relationship in which both participating species benefit. |
| parasite | an organism that lives in or on, and feeds on, a larger organism called a host, weakening it |
| pioneer | an organism that is among the first to colonize an unoccupied habitat in the first stages of succession |
| primary succession | succession that occurs in an environment, such as bare rock, in which no trace of a previous community was present |
| resource partitioning | the coexistence of two species with similar requirements, each occupying a smaller niche than either would if it were by itself; a means of minimizing their competitive interactions |
| secondary succession | succession that occurs after an existing community is disturbed–for example, after a forest fire; much more rapid than primary succession. |
| startle coloration | a form of mimicry in which a color pattern (in many cases resembling large eyes) can be displayed suddenly by a prey organism when approached by a predator |
| subclimax | a community in which succession is stopped before the climax community is reached and is maintained by regular disturbances–for example, tallgrass prairie maintained by periodic fires |
| succession | a structural change in a community and its nonliving environment over time. During succession, species replace one another in a somewhat predictable manner until a stable, self-sustaining climax community is reached. |
| symbiosis | a close interaction btwn organisms of dif species over an extended period. Either or both species may benefit from the association, or (in the case of parasitism) one of the participants is harmed. Symbiosis includes parasitism, mutualism, & commensalism. |
| warning coloration | bright coloration that warns predators that the potential prey is distasteful or even poisonous |
Created by:
hgarcia
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