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Taxonomic Systems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prokaryotic | no nucleus; DNA is NOT surrounded by a membrane |
| Eukaryotic | Nucleus; DNA is SURROUNDED by a membrane |
| Autotrophic | organism CAN make its own food; Self- Nutrition |
| Heterotrophic | organism can NOT make its own food; must consume nutrients; Different Nutrition |
| Unicellular | one-celled living thing |
| Multicellular | many-celled living thing |
| Motile | able to move |
| Non-Motile | stationary and can NOT move |
| Sexual Reproduction | involves two organisms contributing DNA |
| Asexual Reproduction | by one organism make an exact copy of itself |
| Taxonomy | science of naming and classifying living things to determine evolutionary relationships |
| Binomial Nomenclature | scientific naming system using the genus and species; used to avoid confusion |
| Levels of Classification | Taxonomy levels starting with the largest and most diverse group (Domain) to the smallest and most specific group (species) DPCOFGS - Domain, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, species |
| Dichotomous Key | chart used to identify organism by looking at individual characteristics; numbered list of characteristics to identify if the organism has that trait or not |
| Carolus Linnaeus | Father of Taxonomy; developed the system for naming and organizing living things with the levels of classification |
| 6 Main Classes of Animals | Five vertebrate (animals with backbones) classes are fish, birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians. The sixth class is invertebrates (animals lacking a backbone) like insects and spiders. |
| Fish | distinguished from other animals because they have scales, fins, and gills. Being cold-blooded animals, fish need to swim in water of the right temperature to control their body temperature. |
| Birds | group of winged avian animals belongs to the group of warm-blooded creatures. It is easy to identify most birds because of their beak, wings, feathers, and the fact that they start off life in an egg. |
| Mammals | main identifying feature is the fact that they drink their mother’s milk; warm-blooded animals with fur |
| Reptiles | vertebrates that are cold-blooded, egg hatching, and covered in scales; main distinguishing characteristic is their scaly skin; include snakes and lizards, turtles and tortoises, crocodiles and alligators |
| Amphibians | type of animals with gills & lungs. 3 subclasses of amphibians: frogs & toads, salamanders & newts, & blindworms. Have slimy or sticky skin WITHOUT scales; Lay their eggs in water & some release toxins through their skin as a defense mechanism |
| Invertebrates | class of animals that don’t have a backbone. Diverse range of animals can include arthropods such as insects, as well as mollusks, worms, jellyfish, snails, and squid. Contains around 97% of the animals in the world, cold-blooded animals with no backbone |
| Kingdom Description - Animal | Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic, Multicellular, Mobile |
| Kingdom Description - Plant | Eukaryotic, Autotrophic, Multicellular, Stationary |
| Kingdom Description - Fungi | Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic, Multicellular, Stationary |
| Kingdom Description - Protist | Eukaryotic, Autotrophic and Heterotrophic, Mostly Unicellular, some Multicellular, Mobile |
| Kingdom Description - Arachaebacteria | Prokaryotic, Heterotrophic, Unicellular, Mobile |
| Kingdom Description - Eubacteria | Prokaryotic, Autotrophic and Heterotrophic, Unicellular, Mobile |