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MUSCULO DRUGS
Musculoskeletal and Anti-inflammatory drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Disorders associated with pain, spasm, abnormal contraction or impaired mobility respond to what class of medication? | skeletal relaxants |
| Back ache, muscle strain, are treated with what combination of therapies? | muscle relaxants, rest, physical therapy, and mild analgesics |
| What does NSAID stand for? | non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs |
| What anatomy do muscle relaxants affect? | spinal cord, brain, and periphipheral areas |
| What is are Valium and Robaxin used for? | to treat acute painful musculoskeletal conditions |
| What does dantrolene do? | causes a direct effect on skeletal muscles and is used in the management of spasticity form upper motor neuron disorders |
| What motor neuron disorders is dantrolene used for? | MS or CP |
| What sclerosis is dantrolene ineffective towards treating? | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| Can dantrolene be used for rheumatic disorders? | NO |
| What drug class does succinylcholine and tubocurarine belong to? | neuromuscular blocking agent |
| Who can administer succinylcholine? | an anesthesiologist or specially trained person skilled in intubation and CPR |
| What are 2 CNS reactions to muscle relaxants? | respiratory arrest and allergic reactions |
| What are 2 antidotes for muscle relaxants? | Prostigmin and Tensilon |
| What is the generic name for Prostigmin? | neostigmine |
| What is the generic name for Tensilon? | edrophonium |
| What relationship does Prostigmin and Tensilon have to myasthenia gravis? | Prostigmin may be used in the treatment of the disorder and Tensilon is sued in the diagnosis of such |
| T or F : a side effect of a muscle relaxant is hypertension | False |
| T or F: A side effect of muscle relaxants is elevated respiratory rate | False |
| T or F : The group of side effects applies to muscle relaxants ; blurred vision, headache and confusion | True |
| What types of conditions are NSAIDS used for? | arthritis, bursitis, spondylitis, gout, muscle strains and sprains |
| Why are corticosteroids not used for prolonged periods of time? | because of the serious potential side effects |
| What chemical interaction do NSAIDS have (with reference to inhibiting synthesis) | they inhibit prostaglandin synthesis |
| Is there a cure for rheumatic disorders? | NO |
| ___________ are the oldest drug in the NSAID category. | salicylates |
| What 3 effects do salicylates have? | antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory |
| What risks do pts with prolonged use of NSAIDs have? | risk of gastric ulcer |
| What drug class do Celebrex and Vioxx belong to? | Cox-2 inhibitors |
| What is Cox-2? | cyclooxygenase 2 |
| What do Cox-2 inhibitors inhibit? | cyclooxygenase 2 |
| What does Cox-1 responsible for affecting? | clotting time |
| Why are Cox-2s preferred over others? | because the do not pose the bleeding risk of the other and they cause fewere GI symptoms |
| What are the conditions for which NSAIDs/ or extreme caution applies to? | many, priority: Liver dysfunction, Asthma, Cardio , Kidney disease, Hx Ulcer Thyroid disease, Reyes precaution, GERD, elderly, preg/lactating,sulfa sensitivity |
| What drugs do NSAIDs interact with? | alcohol, anticoagulants, oral hypoglycemics (sulfonylureas, steroids, methotrexate, uricosurics,triamterine |
| What drug is used to treat acute gout? | colchicine |
| What drug is used to treat chronic gout? | allopurinol |
| What are the side effects of colchicine? | Rash, GI upset and blood disorders |
| When taking gout medications how much fluid should one be instructed to take? | a large amount |
| How soon prior to surgery should a gout med be stopped ? | 10-14 days |
| What allergy should a nurse be aware of if the person is prescribed celebrex? | sulfa |
| What is HRT? | hormone replacement therapy |
| What combination of HRT is used to prevent osteoporosis? | estrogen with or without progestin |
| What is calcitonin used for? | it is a synthetic hormone for women who cannot tolerate HRT or for whom it would be contraindicated |
| What are the side effects of HRT? | GI distress, muscle pain and renal insufficiency, hypocalcemia |
| _____________ is a biophospnate used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis | Actonel |
| What is the position that a person is to remain in after taking Fosamax? | upright for approximately 30 minutes |
| NSAIDS should be taken: with or without food? | with food (to prevent GI irritation) |
| What is tinnitus? | ringing in the ears |
| What is tinnitus a sign of when taking NSAIDS? | toxicity |
| What drug category do ibuprofen and indomethacin belong to? | NSAID |
| What drug class doees raloxifene belong to? | osteoporotic agent |
Created by:
Kelly Quijano
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