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microbio exam [pt.1]

lecture 5: cellular respiration

QuestionAnswer
What is the equation of aerobic respiration? O2+Glucose->CO2+H2O+ATP
What is the main function of cellular respiration? To provide energy for ATP synthesis
Difference between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration? Aerobic - requires 02 and oxygen is the final electrion acceptor. Anaerobic - does not require 02 and oxygen is NOT the final acceptor
What are the 3 steps of aerobic respiration? Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron transport chain (ETC)
What is the equation of glycolysis? 6Glucose + 2ATP -> 2Pyruvate + 2NADH + 4ATP
Where does glycolysis take place? Cytoplasm (eukaryotes & prokaryotes)
Where does krebs cycle take place ? Mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes. Cytoplasm of prokaryotes
In krebs cycle, what does each Acetyl CoA broken down to? 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP and forms CO2 waste product
What is NADH & FADH2 used for? Electron carrier
Where does the ETC take place? Mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes. Plasma membrane of prokaryotes
What are the reactants and product of ETC? Reactant: NADH and FADH2 Product: 34 ATP (30 from NADH, 4 from FADH2)
How many ATP molecules can be synthesized from 1 molecule of glucose? [Glycolysis 2]+[Krebs cycle 2]+[NADH 30]+[FADH2 4] Total = 38 molecules of ATP
What is Methanogens? Found in anaerobic environments where CO2 and hydrogen gas occur. 5% of carbonate ions used to synthesize organic molecule. 95% is converted to methane gas.
What is Denitrification? Process in which anaerobic bacteria convert nitrate ions into nitrogen gas.
What is Sulfate reduction? Sulfate is converted to sulfide ion or hydrogen sulfide.
2 types of fermentation Alcohol fermentation & Lactic acid fermentation
What is Alcohol fermentation? Alcohol fermentation is mostly fungi & bacteria, pyruvate is coverted to ethanol and CO2, no ETC, usually found in baking bread, wine, beer and ethanol-yeast cells.
What is Lactic acid fermentation? Lactic acid fermentation can lead to food spoilage and is found in yogurt, cheese etc. pyruvate is coverted to lactic acid. no ETC. no release of CO2. muscles run out of O2, cells switch to lactic acid fermentation.
Photosynthesis vs. Cellular respiration Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Cellular respiration converts energy in chemical bonds of organic molecules to ATP energy. (backwards equation) [P]CO2+H2O+Light->O2+Glucose [CR]02+Glucose->CO2+H2O+ATP
Created by: jnguyen
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