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bio chap3
last lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| distinct heritable features | Characters |
| different variants | traits |
| cross pollinate two contrasting, true breeding varieties | hybridize |
| true breeding parents | P generation |
| Hybrid offspring | F1 generation |
| alternative version of genes vary somewhat in the sequence of nucleotides at the specific locus of a gene. | different alleles |
| purple, purple. | homologous loci may be identical |
| fully expressed in the organisms appearance | dominant allele |
| has no noticeable effect on the organism's appearance. | recessive allele |
| a sperm egg carries only ____ allele | one |
| separation of alleles into separate gametes is Mendels | law of segregation |
| produce enough enzyme to convert all the monosaccharides into starch and form smooth seeds when they dry | both homozygous dominant and heterozygots |
| an organisms genetic makeup, the info in genes | genotype |
| an organisms physical traits, what it looks like | phenotype |
| predicts the results of a genetic cross between individuals of known genotype. phenotype different genotypes | punnett square |
| mating between an individual phenotype (unknown genotype) and a homozygous recessive individual. | testcross |
| the inheritance of two different characters | dyhybrid cross |
| by looking at two characteristics at once, the alleles for one trait segregate independently of the allele for other traits during gamete formation. | law of independent assortment |
| each character is controlled by a single gene. Each gene has only two alleles, one of which is completely dominant to the other. | mendelian inheritance in humans |
| the inheritance of many human traits follows mendel's principles and the rules of probability. | remembering terms |
| Dominant F: | determines phenotype |
| recessive f: | only expressed if no dominant alleles present |
| homozygous | the same alleles |
| heterozygous | different alleles |
| many human disorders follow the patterns of: | inheritance |
| show simple inherited patterns, are controlled by genes on autosomes | patterns of inheritance |
| heterozygotes show a distinct intermediate phenotype, not seen in homozygotes. this is not blended inheritance because the traits are distinct in further crosses. | incomplete dominance |
| two alleles affect the phenotype in a separate, distinguishable ways, both are expressed | codominance |
| A and B are codominant, both equally expressed, O is recessive. | multiple alleles |
| a gene at one locus (location) alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus (location). | epistasis |
| a single gene may affect phenotype in many ways. | pleiotropy |
| a phenotypic characteristic can be controlled by more than one gene: | Polygenic inheritance |
| Making a copy of a strand of DNA, using the strand as a template for forming the new strand Enzymes use each strand as a template to assemble the new strands | DNA replication |
| Double helix unwinds | Steps of replication 1 |
| two strands separate | Steps of replication 2 |
| Free nucleotides line up one at a time along each strand | Steps of replication 3 |
| sugar phosphate backbone froms on daughter strands | Steps of replication 4 |
| a large team of enzymes and other proteins carries out... | DNA replication |
Created by:
chuck1
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