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Organelles
Oranelles and their functions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Flagella | are like the cell's movers, these are like long tails |
| Nuclear Envelope (Nuclear Membrane) | is like the cell's border control. It separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell and controls the movement of molecules. |
| Nucleolus | is inside the nucleus and is like the cell's ribosome factory. It helps make ribosomes. |
| Cell Wall | is like the cell's outer armor. It gives support, protection, and shape to plant cells, as well as managing water levels. |
| Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) | is like the cell's gatekeeper. It controls what goes in and out of the cell, making sure only the right stuff gets through. |
| Centrioles | are like the cell's division organizers. They help with cell division by arranging the special strings (spindle fibers) that pull apart the cell's chromosomes. |
| Cytoskeleton | acts as the cell's framework. It provides shape and support, helps the cell move, and is made up of tiny building blocks called microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. |
| Peroxisome | are like the cell's helpers. They have enzymes that deal with harmful substances and break down fats, helping with various tasks. |
| Chloroplast | Found in plant cells, are like the cell's solar panels. They capture sunlight and turn it into food (glucose) and oxygen through photosynthesis. |
| Vacuole | are like the cell's storage tanks. They hold water, nutrients, and sometimes waste. In plants, they also keep the cell strong and supported. |
| Lysosome | are the cell's clean-up crew. They contain special chemicals that break down waste, invaders, and old cell parts, helping with digestion inside the cell. |
| Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Body) | is like the cell's post office. It packages and sends out proteins and lipids to different parts of the cell or outside it after they've been made and modified. |
| Ribosome | are the cell's protein builders. They follow the instructions from a special code (mRNA) and put together amino acids to make proteins. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | has tiny machines (ribosomes) that make proteins and help process them. |
| Mitochondria | are like the cell's power plants. They take in food (glucose) and air (oxygen) and turn it into the cell's energy fuel called ATP. It's like making energy batteries. |
| Nucleus | acts like the cell's command center. It holds all the important instructions (DNA) and helps control what the cell does by managing how genes work. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | is like the cell's detox center, handling fats and harmful stuff. |
| Cilia | are like tiny hairs that help the cell move or move things around on its surface. |