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TOPL
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Adjectives | Are descriptive words use to add emphasis to create an emotional response. |
Alliteration | Is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in order to emphasize certain words and make them more memorable. |
Anecdotes | Are short personal stories used to connect with the audience and add evidence or credibility to an argument. |
Asyndeton | Is a figure of speech in which coordinating conjunctions -for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so that join words or clauses in a sentence into relationships of equal importance - are omitted. |
Assertion | Is when an idea is presented as fact without full explanation or evidence; it is used to assert authority and make claims sound factual. |
Attacks | Are when a speaker/writer addresses an opposing view or speaker and attacks their argument or character. |
Bias | Is the presentation of only one side of an issue or view point and is used to subjectively influence an audience. |
Connotation | Is the ideas or feelings that a certain word invokes and is used to certain emotional responses in an audience. |
Ethos (Credibility) | - Think "I'm the EXPERT" Is the establishment of authority and reliability, and is used gain the confidence and trust of the audience. |
Pathos (EMOTION of PITY) | Is the feelings accentuated by experiencing love, hate, fear etc. An appeal to emotion is used to engage with an audience and create an emotional response. |
Exaggeration | Is the representation of something as greater than is actually the case and is used to grab the attention of the audience and emphasize certain points. |
Evidence | Is the facts or information that indicate whether a view is true or valid and is used to give weight to an argument or belief. |
Connotation | The array of emotions and ideas suggested by a word in addition to its dictionary definition. Most words carry meaning, impressions, or associations apart from or beyond their literal meaning. |
Denotation | Is the literal 'DICTIONARY meaning' of a word. |
Diction | Is an author's or poet's word choice. |
Figurative Language | Is used to create imagery and express thing non-literally; it can help to make an idea more emotive, vivid and convincing. |
Generalization | Is the inference that a claim is true for most people or a majority and is used to speak to prevailing beliefs or prejudices of an audience. |
Rule of Three | Is when groups of 3 adjectives or phrases are used to make ideas more memorable. |
Jargon | Is special words or expressions used by a profession or certain group; it is used to signal expertise and establish credibility. |
Loaded Words | Are words charged with an underlying meaning or implication and are used to produce emotion in an audience. |
Pronouns | Are words that take the place of nouns and are used to create a sense of unity with an audience or distance from a common enemy. |
Logos (Reason or Facts &Statistics) | Is the power of the mind to think and form judgments logically; it is used to appeal to the rationally of an audience. |
Meiosis | Is a figure of speech that minimizes of something through euphemism. |
Euphemism | Is a word or phrase that softens an uncomfortable topic. |
Repetition | Is the reoccurrence of certain words or phrases and it is used to emphasize certain ideas, and make them more memorable. |
Rhetorical Questions | Are statements which are voiced as questions but are not expected to be answered; they are used to imply certain answers and draw audiences to certain conclusions. |