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Mr. Radeke
Chapter 15 Section 2 & 3 Digestive Process Begins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Digestion | The process by which the body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules. |
| Absorption | The process by which nutrients pass from the digestive system into the blood. |
| saliva | The fluid released when the mouth waters that plays an important role in both mechanical and chemical digestion. |
| enzyme | A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in a living thing. |
| epiglottis | A flap of tissue that seals off the windpipe and prevents food from entering. |
| esophagus | a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. |
| mucus | A thick slippery substance produced by the body. |
| peristalsis | Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system. |
| stomach | A J-shaped muscular pouch located in the abdomen. |
| What is chemical digestion? | The process in which chemicals produced by the body break foods into their smaller chemical building blocks. |
| How is food prevented from entering the windpipe? | As you swallow, a flap of tissue called the epiglottis seals off the windpipe, preventing the food from entering. |
| small intestine | The part of the digestive system in which most chemical digestion takes place. |
| liver | The body's lrgest organ; it produces bile, breaks down medicines, and helps eliminate nitrogen from the body. |
| bile | A substance produced by the liver that breaks up fat particles. |
| gallbladder | The organ that stores bile after it is produced by the liver. |
| pancreas | A triangular organ that lies between the stomach and the small intestine. |
| villus | Tiny finger-shaped structures that cover the inner surface of the small intestine and provide a large surface area through which digested food is absorbed. |
| large intestine | The last section of the digestive system, where water is absorbed into the blood and the remaining material is eliminated from the body |
| rectum | The end of the large intestine where waste material is compressed into solid form before being eliminated. |
| anus | A muscular opening at the end of the rectum through which waste material is eliminated from the body. |
| How does the pancreas aid in digestion? | The pancreas produces enzymes that help break down starches, proteins, and fats. |
| What role do bacteria play in the large intestine? | Bacteria in the large intestine make certain vitamins, including vitamin K. |
Created by:
Tom Radeke
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